Niland, California, sits in USDA hardiness zone 10a — enough range to grow cool-season vegetables, hardy fruit, and warm-season crops that mature before the first hard frost.
A short list that earns its place here — avocado, meyer lemon, tomato, and artichoke — with any one site's soil, sun, and drainage making the final cut.
Even in Niland, no two yards are alike.
A low spot, a south-facing slope, or a stand of trees moves the frost date and sun across a single Niland lot. Enter your address and we'll score 1,086 plants against your land's actual soil, sun, and frost.
We read public map data around Niland — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
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Niland — the short answer
Niland, California: USDA zone 10a, about 344 days between hard freezes, across 257 acres of town.
- USDA zone
- 10a
- USDA PHZM 2023
- Last hard freeze (28°F)
- Jan 15
- Imperial County normal — NOAA 1991–2020, nearest to this town
- First hard freeze (28°F)
- Dec 25
- Imperial County normal — NOAA 1991–2020, nearest to this town
- Days between freezes
- ~344
- Imperial County normal — NOAA 1991–2020, nearest to this town
- Town area
- 257 acres
- US Census TIGER/Line 2025
Every figure names the dataset it came from. No 30-year normal resolves at this town’s own centroid, so the hard-freeze dates are Imperial County’s — the closest measured record, labelled as such rather than passed off as local.
Hardiness Zone Range
Zone 10a is Niland's average, not your lot's — a low corner or a tree line moves it. Against Niland's 344-day season, see what your own ground reads.
Soil varies lot by lot — soil types explained.
What this means for growing in Niland
Each reading below is measured for Niland itself — here is what it means for a garden here, and the move an experienced grower makes about it.
Season length
From county recordsNiland runs about 344 days between hard freezes (read from Imperial County, the closest normal to Niland) — close to year-round growing.
Frost is rarely the limit here; winter plantings are as real as summer ones, and the harder question is which crops shrug off the summer heat.
Grow cool-season crops through the mild winter, and choose heat-tolerant varieties for the summer beds.
NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
Winter hardiness
MeasuredNiland sits in USDA hardiness zone 10a.
The zone sets which perennials, shrubs, and fruit trees live through an average winter here — a plant rated for a colder zone is a safe bet, one rated warmer needs winter protection or gets treated as an annual.
Match perennials and fruit to the zone before you buy, so nothing you plant is a gamble against the cold.
USDA PHZM 2023
The kind of country Niland is in
Niland sits in the Sonoran Basin and Range — EPA Level III, inside the wider North American Deserts. That is read at Niland's own centroid rather than borrowed from Imperial County.
What Grows in Niland
Plants matched to Niland's USDA zones 10a, ordered by how much hardiness margin each has here — the ones with room to spare at both ends of this town's band lead. Each links to its full growing profile.
Is it too late to plant in Niland?
Too late for some crops, right on time for others — a growing season is a sequence, not a deadline. Cool-season crops can go in from around Jan 1; tender transplants wait until two to three weeks after the last 28°F hard freeze, which lands near Jan 15 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals); and from midsummer, planting counts back from the first fall freeze around Dec 25 — long-season crops need about 90 days of runway, quick greens only 30. In a climate this gentle, “too late” hardly applies — the question becomes which crops prefer the cooler months ahead.
What's on the federal record near Niland
Closest first, within ~10 miles of Niland. Listing isn't leaking, and distance isn't exposure.
- PACIFIC BELLBrownfields · 1700 ft
- SCR 88 Niland FuelUnderground Storage Tanks · 1900 ft
- SC RETAIL LLC DBA SCFUELSBrownfields · 2000 ft
- THE SOCO GROUPBrownfields · 2000 ft
- IMPERIAL IRRIGATION DIST/NILAND GAS TURBINE PLANTBrownfields · 0.8 mi
- CHOCOLATE MOUNTAIN AERIAL GUNNERY RANGE - AIRPLANE TRAININGToxics Release Inventory · 1.2 mi
- CHOCOLATE MOUNTAIN AERIAL GUNNERY RANGE - AIRPLANE TRAININGSuperfund · 1.2 mi
- CHOCOLATE MOUNTAIN AERIAL GUNNERY RANGE - AIRPLANE TRAININGBrownfields · 1.2 mi
- IMPERIAL VALLEY SOLAR COMPANY IVSC 2 LLCBrownfields · 1.3 mi
- SFPP, L.P.Brownfields · 1.5 mi
- 011S014E02A001SNitrate · 2.1 mi
- HUDSON RANCH POWER II LLCBrownfields · 3.3 mi
6 more sites are on the record inside the same radius. See them on the map
Measured from Niland's center, not your beds. Run your own address for what's upwind of you specifically.
Environmental Intelligence
The counts behind that headline — every source type on the record near Niland.
Total Sites
99
within ~10 miles of Niland
Risk Level
Elevated
Highest-severity
1 Superfund site (none NPL-listed)
Sources Checked
within ~10 miles of Niland
Severity Distribution
within ~10 miles of Niland
Highest-Severity Sites
A note from Gnorman
What an experienced grower watches for around here
In and around Niland, Brownfields runs higher than the national average — 75 sites within ~10 miles of Niland. It's not cause for alarm — it's worth knowing, and there's a sensible way to grow around it.
Brownfields: Brownfield sites are former commercial or industrial properties where legacy soil contamination (heavy metals, PAHs, petroleum compounds) may persist.
Check EPA brownfield remediation status — many sites have completed cleanup with institutional controls.
Check your specific parcel in Niland
Get exact proximity distances to contamination sources for your specific parcel — plus soil, sun, drainage, and 1,086 plant recommendations.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Niland average
Your land is one point inside Niland
Everything above resolves to Niland as a whole — one PHZM band, read across 257 acres, with hard-freeze dates borrowed from Imperial County’s record because no 30-year normal resolves at this town’s own centroid. Your parcel is one point inside that footprint. Slope, tree cover, a low spot that pools cold air, and what is in the soil are all resolved at the address, and none of them are visible at town scale. That is the honest boundary of this page, and the reason the next step is a reading of your own ground rather than a better local average.
Your Lot vs the Niland Average
Niland Average
- ●USDA Zones 10a, averaged across Niland
- ●One soil character for all of Niland
- ●Frost dates read at Niland's scale: Jan 15 to Dec 25
YOUR Parcel
- ✓Your exact zone, not Niland's 10a
- ✓Your SSURGO soil type & pH
- ✓Your sun exposure, cast in 3D
See MY Growing Report
Read your specific parcel in Niland
Pull a site-specific report for your exact address in Niland, California — soil, sun, drainage, frost risk, and scored plant recommendations.
Three things about your lot that Niland averages can't show:
We read public map data around Niland — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Niland average
How we know this about Niland
The datasets: hardiness from the USDA ARS Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023, read at this town’s own centroid; hard-freeze dates from NOAA 1991–2020 28°F normals at Imperial County’s record, because none resolves here; boundaries and acreage from US Census TIGER/Line 2025; the contamination records from the federal sources named in their beats above. Soil is not read at town grain anywhere on this page — there is no town-resolution survey in our data, which is why you will find no soil grid here rather than a statewide one wearing a local label. The resolution ledger below names every figure this page inherited.
Common questions about Niland
When does frost risk typically end in Niland?
The last hard freeze (28°F) in Niland typically lands around Jan 15, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — earlier than the light-frost dates most charts quote. That marks the hard freeze, not the last light frost — lighter frosts keep biting past it, which is why tender transplants here wait until about Feb 5.
When is the first frost in Niland?
The first hard freeze (28°F) in Niland typically arrives around Dec 25, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — the point tender summer crops finish. Lighter frosts run ahead of it, near Dec 11, so the watching starts about Nov 25 — about 344 days after the spring freeze cleared.
How long is the growing season in Niland?
Measured between 28°F hard freezes, Niland sees about 344 frost-free days — roughly Jan 15 through Dec 25, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals. Tender crops work a shorter one: nearer Feb 5 to Dec 11, about 309 days.
Is the soil safe to grow vegetables in Niland?
The federal record around Niland is a meaningful one — 99 documented sites, mostly Brownfields entries (75), the nearest Brownfields record about 0.3 miles out — so a soil test before new food beds is a sensible precaution here, not a reason to hold back from growing. Remember that proximity to a documented site is information, not a diagnosis of any one yard; the contamination map shows exactly what sits where.
How do I protect my plants from frost in Niland?
From about Nov 25 the job here turns from planting to protecting — the last start even a 30-day crop can finish. As the season closes around the first 28°F hard freeze near Dec 25 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals), three moves buy time: row cover or an old sheet over tender plants on still, clear nights; water the soil the afternoon before a freeze, so it holds warmth overnight; and harvest tomatoes, peppers and basil before Dec 25. Hardy greens and roots shrug off light frost and sweeten after it — leave them in.
Everything above is measured at Niland's scale — its 10a band and its 344-day season. Your yard writes its own version of Niland's numbers: we read soil, sun, drainage and frost at your exact address. Try it for 14 days — no card required.
What this page reads at Niland’s own scale
4 of the readings below were taken at Niland's own scale — the 257 acres it covers and 99 documented sites around it; 6 are borrowed from a wider read, named and linked below.
Measured here
- Niland's own USDA hardiness band, zones 10aUSDA PHZM 2023
- 99 documented contamination sites on the federal record near Niland, the closest Brownfields record about 0.3 miles out from the town centreFederal environmental registers
- Niland's boundary and the 257 acres inside itUS Census TIGER/Line 2025
- The ecoregion at Niland's own centroid, the Sonoran Basin and RangeUS EPA Level III Ecoregions
Inherited from a wider read
- The 28°F hard-freeze dates — Niland has no normal of its own, so its county's is the closest measured readfrom Imperial County
- Soil character — no town-scale survey exists, so Niland's 257 acres read through its county's SSURGO summaryfrom Imperial County
- The candidate plant list — California's curated set, filtered to this zone band and re-ordered by how much margin each has herefrom California
- Growing-degree days and winter chill — measured county-wide only, so the county page carries themfrom Imperial County
- The growing challenges every California grower plans around — written at state scale, so they stay on the state guidefrom California
- Butterfly and beetle records, and the farmland pesticide estimate — all published county-widefrom Imperial County
What this page can’t tell you
- The soil pH, drainage, sun hours, and frost pockets on any one lot among Niland's 257 acreswhy one lot differs from the next →
- Which side of Niland you're on — a low spot frosts first and a south wall warms early, and one normal is being asked to speak for all 257 acresreading your own microclimate →
- How close that record sits to YOUR lot — the closest Brownfields record about 0.3 miles out, measured from the town centrehow we read the record →
- Where cold air settles, which slopes face the sun, and which way the wind runs on your own ground — measured at your address, and averaged away by any Niland-wide figureread your own land →