Mobile, Alabama, sits in USDA hardiness zone 9a — room for a real mix of vegetables, fruit, and perennials matched to the local frost calendar.
A short list that earns its place here — artichoke, fig, california poppy, and cabbage — with any one site's soil, sun, and drainage making the final cut.
Even in Mobile, no two yards are alike.
A low spot, a south-facing slope, or a stand of trees moves the frost date and sun across a single Mobile lot. Enter your address and we'll score 1,086 plants against your land's actual soil, sun, and frost.
We read public map data around Mobile — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
No card required · your full report in seconds
Mobile — the short answer
Mobile, Alabama: USDA zone 9a, about 297 days between hard freezes, across 97K acres of city.
- USDA zone
- 9a
- USDA PHZM 2023
- Last hard freeze (28°F)
- Feb 9
- Mobile County normal — NOAA 1991–2020, nearest to this town
- First hard freeze (28°F)
- Dec 3
- Mobile County normal — NOAA 1991–2020, nearest to this town
- Days between freezes
- ~297
- Mobile County normal — NOAA 1991–2020, nearest to this town
- City area
- 97K acres
- US Census TIGER/Line 2025
Every figure names the dataset it came from. No 30-year normal resolves at this town’s own centroid, so the hard-freeze dates are Mobile County’s — the closest measured record, labelled as such rather than passed off as local.
Hardiness Zone Range
Zone 9a is Mobile's average, not your lot's — a low corner or a tree line moves it. Against Mobile's 297-day season, see what your own ground reads.
Soil varies lot by lot — soil types explained.
What this means for growing in Mobile
Each reading below is measured for Mobile itself — here is what it means for a garden here, and the move an experienced grower makes about it.
Season length
From county recordsMobile runs about 297 days between hard freezes (read from Mobile County, the closest normal to Mobile) — close to year-round growing.
Frost is rarely the limit here; winter plantings are as real as summer ones, and the harder question is which crops shrug off the summer heat.
Grow cool-season crops through the mild winter, and choose heat-tolerant varieties for the summer beds.
NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
Winter hardiness
MeasuredMobile sits in USDA hardiness zone 9a.
The zone sets which perennials, shrubs, and fruit trees live through an average winter here — a plant rated for a colder zone is a safe bet, one rated warmer needs winter protection or gets treated as an annual.
Match perennials and fruit to the zone before you buy, so nothing you plant is a gamble against the cold.
USDA PHZM 2023
The kind of country Mobile is in
Mobile sits in the Southern Coastal Plain — EPA Level III, inside the wider Eastern Temperate Forests. That is read at Mobile's own centroid, and it is not what its county reads: Mobile County is mostly Southeastern Plains. The wider page above you is answering a different question about different ground.
What Grows in Mobile
Every plant below cleared Mobile's own zone 9a and its 297-day season. Each card opens that plant's Alabama profile. How we score.
Is it too late to plant in Mobile?
For most of the year, no — what changes is which crops still fit the days remaining. Cool-season crops can go in from around Jan 12; tender transplants wait until two to three weeks after the last 28°F hard freeze, which lands near Feb 9 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals); and from midsummer, planting counts back from the first fall freeze around Dec 3 — long-season crops need about 90 days of runway, quick greens only 30. With almost year-round growing weather, timing is about heat and rainfall more than frost — some bench is always in play.
What's on the federal record near Mobile
Closest first, within ~10 miles of Mobile. Listing isn't leaking, and distance isn't exposure.
- KOBY IMPORTAUTO INCBrownfields · 1100 ft
- KMART #4184Underground Storage Tanks · 1300 ft
- WALMART NEIGHBORHOOD MKT 5740Underground Storage Tanks · 1300 ft
- WALMART NEIGHBORHOOD MARKET #5740Brownfields · 1400 ft
- WALLER BROTHERSUnderground Storage Tanks · 1600 ft
- BEL AIR MALLUnderground Storage Tanks · 2100 ft
- GREYHOUNDS LINES INC.Underground Storage Tanks · 2200 ft
- R & S FOOD MARTUnderground Storage Tanks · 2300 ft
- BEL AIR CLEANERSBrownfields · 2400 ft
- MAJIK MARKET 04256Underground Storage Tanks · 2400 ft
- CIMCO REFRIGERATION INCUnderground Storage Tanks · 2400 ft
- MERRI MART BPUnderground Storage Tanks · 2500 ft
6 more sites are on the record inside the same radius. See them on the map
Measured from Mobile's center, not your beds. Run your own address for what's upwind of you specifically.
Environmental Intelligence
The counts behind that headline — every source type on the record near Mobile.
Sources Checked
within ~10 miles of Mobile
Severity Distribution
within ~10 miles of Mobile
Highest-Severity Sites
A note from Gnorman
What an experienced grower watches for around here
In and around Mobile, Superfund runs higher than the national average — 22 sites within ~10 miles of Mobile. That's not a problem with your land — it's information about it.
Superfund: Superfund sites represent the most severe contamination in the federal system.
Commission professional soil testing before any food production (test for heavy metals, VOCs, and SVOCs).
Check your specific parcel in Mobile
Get exact proximity distances to contamination sources for your specific parcel — plus soil, sun, drainage, and 1,086 plant recommendations.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Mobile average
Your land is one point inside Mobile
Everything above resolves to Mobile as a whole — one PHZM band, read across 97K acres, with hard-freeze dates borrowed from Mobile County’s record because no 30-year normal resolves at this city’s own centroid. Your parcel is one point inside that footprint. Slope, tree cover, a low spot that pools cold air, and what is in the soil are all resolved at the address, and none of them are visible at city scale. That is the honest boundary of this page, and the reason the next step is a reading of your own ground rather than a better local average.
Your Lot vs the Mobile Average
Mobile Average
- ●USDA Zones 9a, averaged across Mobile
- ●One soil character for all of Mobile
- ●Frost dates read at Mobile's scale: Feb 9 to Dec 3
YOUR Parcel
- ✓Your exact zone, not Mobile's 9a
- ✓Your SSURGO soil type & pH
- ✓Your sun exposure, cast in 3D
See MY Growing Report
Read your specific parcel in Mobile
Pull a site-specific report for your exact address in Mobile, Alabama — soil, sun, drainage, frost risk, and scored plant recommendations.
Three things about your lot that Mobile averages can't show:
We read public map data around Mobile — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Mobile average
How we know this about Mobile
The datasets: hardiness from the USDA ARS Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023, read at this city’s own centroid; hard-freeze dates from NOAA 1991–2020 28°F normals at Mobile County’s record, because none resolves here; boundaries and acreage from US Census TIGER/Line 2025; the contamination records from the federal sources named in their beats above. Soil is not read at city grain anywhere on this page — there is no city-resolution survey in our data, which is why you will find no soil grid here rather than a statewide one wearing a local label. The resolution ledger below names every figure this page inherited.
Common questions about Mobile
When does frost risk typically end in Mobile?
The last hard freeze (28°F) in Mobile typically lands around Feb 9, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — earlier than the light-frost dates most charts quote. That marks the hard freeze, not the last light frost — lighter frosts keep biting past it, which is why tender transplants here wait until about Mar 2.
When is the first frost in Mobile?
The first hard freeze (28°F) in Mobile typically arrives around Dec 3, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — the point tender summer crops finish. Lighter frosts run ahead of it, near Nov 19, so the watching starts about Nov 3 — about 297 days after the spring freeze cleared.
How long is the growing season in Mobile?
Measured between 28°F hard freezes, Mobile sees about 297 frost-free days — roughly Feb 9 through Dec 3, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals. Tender crops work a shorter one: nearer Mar 2 to Nov 19, about 262 days.
Is the soil safe to grow vegetables in Mobile?
The federal record around Mobile is a meaningful one — 1,646 documented sites, mostly Underground Storage Tanks entries (833), the nearest Brownfields record about 0.2 miles out — so a soil test before new food beds is a sensible precaution here, not a reason to hold back from growing. Remember that proximity to a documented site is information, not a diagnosis of any one yard; the contamination map shows exactly what sits where.
How do I protect my plants from frost in Mobile?
From about Nov 3 the job here turns from planting to protecting — the last start even a 30-day crop can finish. As the season closes around the first 28°F hard freeze near Dec 3 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals), three moves buy time: row cover or an old sheet over tender plants on still, clear nights; water the soil the afternoon before a freeze, so it holds warmth overnight; and harvest tomatoes, peppers and basil before Dec 3. Hardy greens and roots shrug off light frost and sweeten after it — leave them in.
Everything above is measured at Mobile's scale — its 9a band and its 297-day season. Your yard writes its own version of Mobile's numbers: we read soil, sun, drainage and frost at your exact address. Try it for 14 days — no card required.
What this page reads at Mobile’s own scale
5 of the readings below were taken at Mobile's own scale — the 96,538 acres it covers and 1,646 documented sites around it; 5 are borrowed from a wider read, named and linked below.
Measured here
- Mobile's own USDA hardiness band, zones 9aUSDA PHZM 2023
- 1,646 documented contamination sites on the federal record near Mobile, the closest Brownfields record about 0.2 miles out from the town centreFederal environmental registers
- Mobile's boundary and the 96,538 acres inside itUS Census TIGER/Line 2025
- Which of 1,086 plants clear zones 9a and a ~297-day seasonGrowable Ground crop-matching engine
- Mobile sits in the Southern Coastal Plain — not the ecoregion its county mostly readsUS EPA Level III Ecoregions
Inherited from a wider read
- The 28°F hard-freeze dates — Mobile has no normal of its own, so its county's is the closest measured readfrom Mobile County
- Soil character — no town-scale survey exists, so Mobile's 96,538 acres read through its county's SSURGO summaryfrom Mobile County
- Growing-degree days and winter chill — measured county-wide only, so the county page carries themfrom Mobile County
- The growing challenges every Alabama grower plans around — written at state scale, so they stay on the state guidefrom Alabama
- Butterfly and beetle records, and the farmland pesticide estimate — all published county-widefrom Mobile County
What this page can’t tell you
- The soil pH, drainage, sun hours, and frost pockets on any one lot among Mobile's 96,538 acreswhy one lot differs from the next →
- Which side of Mobile you're on — a low spot frosts first and a south wall warms early, and one normal is being asked to speak for all 96,538 acresreading your own microclimate →
- How close that record sits to YOUR lot — the closest Brownfields record about 0.2 miles out, measured from the town centrehow we read the record →
- Where cold air settles, which slopes face the sun, and which way the wind runs on your own ground — measured at your address, and averaged away by any Mobile-wide figureread your own land →
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