Chillicothe, Illinois, sits in USDA hardiness zone 6a — a range where zone-matched perennials and frost-aware annual timing set what succeeds.
Crops well matched to these conditions include cabbage, hazelnut, lavender, and collard greens — though what thrives on any one site still turns on its specific soil, sun, and drainage.
Even in Chillicothe, no two yards are alike.
A low spot, a south-facing slope, or a stand of trees moves the frost date and sun across a single Chillicothe lot. Enter your address and we'll score 1,086 plants against your land's actual soil, sun, and frost.
We read public map data around Chillicothe — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
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Chillicothe — the short answer
Chillicothe, Illinois: USDA zone 6a, about 207 days between hard freezes, across 3K acres of city.
- USDA zone
- 6a
- USDA PHZM 2023
- Last hard freeze (28°F)
- Apr 8
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- First hard freeze (28°F)
- Nov 1
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- Days between freezes
- ~207
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- City area
- 3K acres
- US Census TIGER/Line 2025
Every figure names the dataset it came from. Hard-freeze dates are this town’s own 28°F normals: light frosts run a few weeks past them, and tender transplants usually wait 2–3 weeks after the last hard freeze.
Hardiness Zone Range
Zone 6a is Chillicothe's average, not your lot's — a low corner or a tree line moves it. Against Chillicothe's 207-day season, see what your own ground reads.
Soil varies lot by lot — soil types explained.
What this means for growing in Chillicothe
Each reading below is measured for Chillicothe itself — here is what it means for a garden here, and the move an experienced grower makes about it.
Season length
MeasuredChillicothe runs about 207 days between hard freezes — a long growing season.
There is slack for succession plantings and slow-finishing crops: many vegetables can be sown twice, and the heat-lovers have time to ripen fully.
Plan a second sowing of quick crops after the first comes out, and use the fall window most gardeners let sit idle.
NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
Winter hardiness
MeasuredChillicothe sits in USDA hardiness zone 6a.
The zone sets which perennials, shrubs, and fruit trees live through an average winter here — a plant rated for a colder zone is a safe bet, one rated warmer needs winter protection or gets treated as an annual.
Match perennials and fruit to the zone before you buy, so nothing you plant is a gamble against the cold.
USDA PHZM 2023
The kind of country Chillicothe is in
Chillicothe sits in the Interior River Valleys and Hills — EPA Level III, inside the wider Eastern Temperate Forests. That is read at Chillicothe's own centroid rather than borrowed from Peoria County.
What Grows in Chillicothe
Every plant below cleared Chillicothe's own zone 6a and its 207-day season. Each card opens that plant's Illinois profile. How we score.
Is it too late to plant in Chillicothe?
Too late for some crops, right on time for others — a growing season is a sequence, not a deadline. Cool-season crops can go in from around Mar 11; tender transplants wait until two to three weeks after the last 28°F hard freeze, which lands near Apr 8 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals); and from midsummer, planting counts back from the first fall freeze around Nov 1 — long-season crops need about 90 days of runway, quick greens only 30. With a season this long, “too late” mostly means “switch crops” — second sowings and a full fall garden are the norm, with garlic closing the year.
What's on the federal record near Chillicothe
Closest first, within ~10 miles of Chillicothe. Listing isn't leaking, and distance isn't exposure.
- Bus GarageUnderground Storage Tanks · 650 ft
- Casey's General Store #1585Underground Storage Tanks · 2300 ft
- Il Valley Central School Dist 321Underground Storage Tanks · 2600 ft
- WARECO SERV STATION 991Brownfields · 0.7 mi
- Mac's #1229Underground Storage Tanks · 0.7 mi
- Beck Oil Company #28Underground Storage Tanks · 0.7 mi
- BECKS CONVENIENT STOREBrownfields · 0.7 mi
- Mac's #1203Underground Storage Tanks · 0.7 mi
- 11N9E-20.7gNitrate · 0.7 mi
- FOLEY-GILL FORD TRUCK SALES INCBrownfields · 0.8 mi
- Mac's #1208Underground Storage Tanks · 0.8 mi
- GTE North, Inc.Underground Storage Tanks · 0.8 mi
6 more sites are on the record inside the same radius. See them on the map
Measured from Chillicothe's center, not your beds. Run your own address for what's upwind of you specifically.
Environmental Intelligence
The counts behind that headline — every source type on the record near Chillicothe.
Total Sites
127
within ~10 miles of Chillicothe
Risk Level
Moderate
Highest-severity
5 Toxics Release Inventory facilities
Sources Checked
within ~10 miles of Chillicothe
Severity Distribution
within ~10 miles of Chillicothe
Highest-Severity Sites
A note from Gnorman
What an experienced grower watches for around here
In and around Chillicothe, PFAS runs higher than the national average — 3 sites within ~10 miles of Chillicothe. That's not a problem with your land — it's information about it.
PFAS: PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) are called "forever chemicals" because they do not biodegrade.
Test irrigation water source — this is the primary pathway for PFAS to reach garden crops.
Check your specific parcel in Chillicothe
Get exact proximity distances to contamination sources for your specific parcel — plus soil, sun, drainage, and 1,086 plant recommendations.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Chillicothe average
Your land is one point inside Chillicothe
Everything above resolves to Chillicothe as a whole — one PHZM band and one 28°F frost record, read across 3K acres. Your parcel is one point inside that footprint. Slope, tree cover, a low spot that pools cold air, and what is in the soil are all resolved at the address, and none of them are visible at city scale. That is the honest boundary of this page, and the reason the next step is a reading of your own ground rather than a better local average.
Your Lot vs the Chillicothe Average
Chillicothe Average
- ●USDA Zones 6a, averaged across Chillicothe
- ●One soil character for all of Chillicothe
- ●Frost dates read at Chillicothe's scale: Apr 8 to Nov 1
YOUR Parcel
- ✓Your exact zone, not Chillicothe's 6a
- ✓Your SSURGO soil type & pH
- ✓Your sun exposure, cast in 3D
See MY Growing Report
Read your specific parcel in Chillicothe
Pull a site-specific report for your exact address in Chillicothe, Illinois — soil, sun, drainage, frost risk, and scored plant recommendations.
Three things about your lot that Chillicothe averages can't show:
We read public map data around Chillicothe — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Chillicothe average
How we know this about Chillicothe
The datasets: hardiness from the USDA ARS Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023, read at this city’s own centroid; hard-freeze dates from NOAA 1991–2020 28°F normals at Chillicothe’s own record; boundaries and acreage from US Census TIGER/Line 2025; the contamination records from the federal sources named in their beats above. Soil is not read at city grain anywhere on this page — there is no city-resolution survey in our data, which is why you will find no soil grid here rather than a statewide one wearing a local label. The resolution ledger below names every figure this page inherited.
Common questions about Chillicothe
When does frost risk typically end in Chillicothe?
The last hard freeze (28°F) in Chillicothe typically lands around Apr 8, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — earlier than the light-frost dates most charts quote. That marks the hard freeze, not the last light frost — lighter frosts keep biting past it, which is why tender transplants here wait until about Apr 29.
When is the first frost in Chillicothe?
The first hard freeze (28°F) in Chillicothe typically arrives around Nov 1, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — the point tender summer crops finish. Lighter frosts run ahead of it, near Oct 18, so the watching starts about Oct 2 — about 207 days after the spring freeze cleared.
How long is the growing season in Chillicothe?
Measured between 28°F hard freezes, Chillicothe sees about 207 frost-free days — roughly Apr 8 through Nov 1, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals. Tender crops work a shorter one: nearer Apr 29 to Oct 18, about 172 days.
Is the soil safe to grow vegetables in Chillicothe?
The federal record around Chillicothe shows 127 documented sites, mostly Underground Storage Tanks entries (75), the nearest Underground Storage Tanks record about 0.1 miles out — a typical footprint for a growing area, and proximity to a documented site is information, not a diagnosis of any one yard. It's worth seeing which recorded sites sit closest to where you grow, and testing the soil before new food beds near any of them.
How do I protect my plants from frost in Chillicothe?
From about Oct 2 the job here turns from planting to protecting — the last start even a 30-day crop can finish. As the season closes around the first 28°F hard freeze near Nov 1 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals), three moves buy time: row cover or an old sheet over tender plants on still, clear nights; water the soil the afternoon before a freeze, so it holds warmth overnight; and harvest tomatoes, peppers and basil before Nov 1. Hardy greens and roots shrug off light frost and sweeten after it — leave them in.
Everything above is measured at Chillicothe's scale — its 6a band and its 207-day season. Your yard writes its own version of Chillicothe's numbers: we read soil, sun, drainage and frost at your exact address. Try it for 14 days — no card required.
What this page reads at Chillicothe’s own scale
6 of the readings below were taken at Chillicothe's own scale — its own ~207-day season between 28°F freezes, the 3,375 acres it covers and 127 documented sites around it; 4 are borrowed from a wider read, named and linked below.
Measured here
- Chillicothe's own USDA hardiness band, zones 6aUSDA PHZM 2023
- Chillicothe's own 28°F hard-freeze dates, about Apr 8 and Nov 1 and the ~207-day span between themNOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
- 127 documented contamination sites on the federal record near Chillicothe, the closest Underground Storage Tanks record about 0.1 miles out from the town centreFederal environmental registers
- Chillicothe's boundary and the 3,375 acres inside itUS Census TIGER/Line 2025
- Which of 1,086 plants clear zones 6a and a ~207-day seasonGrowable Ground crop-matching engine
- The ecoregion at Chillicothe's own centroid, the Interior River Valleys and HillsUS EPA Level III Ecoregions
Inherited from a wider read
- Soil character — no town-scale survey exists, so Chillicothe's 3,375 acres read through its county's SSURGO summaryfrom Peoria County
- Growing-degree days and winter chill — measured county-wide only, so the county page carries themfrom Peoria County
- The growing challenges every Illinois grower plans around — written at state scale, so they stay on the state guidefrom Illinois
- Butterfly and beetle records, and the farmland pesticide estimate — all published county-widefrom Peoria County
What this page can’t tell you
- The soil pH, drainage, sun hours, and frost pockets on any one lot among Chillicothe's 3,375 acreswhy one lot differs from the next →
- Which side of Chillicothe you're on — a low spot frosts first and a south wall warms early, and one normal is being asked to speak for all 3,375 acresreading your own microclimate →
- How close that record sits to YOUR lot — the closest Underground Storage Tanks record about 0.1 miles out, measured from the town centrehow we read the record →
- Where cold air settles, which slopes face the sun, and which way the wind runs on your own ground — measured at your address, and averaged away by any Chillicothe-wide figureread your own land →
More in Illinois
Wider growing context
What grows across IllinoisChillicothe sits outside our named growing regions, so Illinois as a whole is its closest context here.
Nearby growing guides