Calmar, Iowa, sits in USDA hardiness zone 5a — room for a real mix of vegetables, fruit, and perennials matched to the local frost calendar.
Well-matched crops include cabbage, cranberry, lavender, and collard greens, and the gap between "grows in the area" and "grows in your yard" is closed by soil, sun, and drainage.
Even in Calmar, no two yards are alike.
A low spot, a south-facing slope, or a stand of trees moves the frost date and sun across a single Calmar lot. Enter your address and we'll score 1,086 plants against your land's actual soil, sun, and frost.
We read public map data around Calmar — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
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Calmar — the short answer
Calmar, Iowa: USDA zone 5a, about 179 days between hard freezes, across 719 acres of city.
- USDA zone
- 5a
- USDA PHZM 2023
- Last hard freeze (28°F)
- Apr 19
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- First hard freeze (28°F)
- Oct 15
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- Days between freezes
- ~179
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- City area
- 719 acres
- US Census TIGER/Line 2025
Every figure names the dataset it came from. Hard-freeze dates are this town’s own 28°F normals: light frosts run a few weeks past them, and tender transplants usually wait 2–3 weeks after the last hard freeze.
Hardiness Zone Range
Zone 5a is Calmar's average, not your lot's — a low corner or a tree line moves it. Against Calmar's 179-day season, see what your own ground reads.
Soil varies lot by lot — soil types explained.
What this means for growing in Calmar
Each reading below is measured for Calmar itself — here is what it means for a garden here, and the move an experienced grower makes about it.
Season length
MeasuredCalmar runs about 179 days between hard freezes — a moderate growing season.
There is room for the full run of cool-season crops plus a warm-season main crop, but the calendar is tight enough that a late spring or early fall frost still decides how much finishes.
Time warm-season transplants to your last hard freeze, and a few weeks of season extension turns a near-miss harvest into a sure one.
NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
Winter hardiness
MeasuredCalmar sits in USDA hardiness zone 5a.
The zone sets which perennials, shrubs, and fruit trees live through an average winter here — a plant rated for a colder zone is a safe bet, one rated warmer needs winter protection or gets treated as an annual.
Match perennials and fruit to the zone before you buy, so nothing you plant is a gamble against the cold.
USDA PHZM 2023
The kind of country Calmar is in
Calmar sits in the Driftless Area — EPA Level III, inside the wider Eastern Temperate Forests. That is read at Calmar's own centroid rather than borrowed from Winneshiek County.
What Grows in Calmar
Every plant below cleared Calmar's own zone 5a and its 179-day season. Each card opens that plant's Iowa profile. How we score.
Is it too late to plant in Calmar?
Almost never — the real question is what to plant next. Cool-season crops can go in from around Mar 22; tender transplants wait until two to three weeks after the last 28°F hard freeze, which lands near Apr 19 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals); and from midsummer, planting counts back from the first fall freeze around Oct 15 — long-season crops need about 90 days of runway, quick greens only 30. As the window narrows, the plantings just get faster — fall brassicas, then greens, then garlic to finish.
What's on the federal record near Calmar
Closest first, within ~10 miles of Calmar. Listing isn't leaking, and distance isn't exposure.
- SOUTH WINNESHIEK COMM SCHOOLUnderground Storage Tanks · 500 ft
- HEYING OIL COUnderground Storage Tanks · 750 ft
- KLIMESH MOTOR SALESBrownfields · 800 ft
- HEYING MFG CO INCUnderground Storage Tanks · 850 ft
- CALMAR KWIK TRIPUnderground Storage Tanks · 1100 ft
- SOUTH WINNESHIEK GOLF & COUNTRY CLUBUnderground Storage Tanks · 1100 ft
- SWEHLA OIL COUnderground Storage Tanks · 1100 ft
- NORTHEAST IOWA TECHNICAL INSTITUTEUnderground Storage Tanks · 1100 ft
- GUNDERSEN LUTHERAN CALMAR CLINICBrownfields · 1200 ft
- WILGEN CONSTRUCTION COUnderground Storage Tanks · 1200 ft
- KWIK STAR #817Underground Storage Tanks · 1500 ft
- CALMAR OILUnderground Storage Tanks · 1600 ft
6 more sites are on the record inside the same radius. See them on the map
Measured from Calmar's center, not your beds. Run your own address for what's upwind of you specifically.
Environmental Intelligence
The counts behind that headline — every source type on the record near Calmar.
Total Sites
171
within ~10 miles of Calmar
Risk Level
Moderate
Highest-severity
5 Toxics Release Inventory facilities
Sources Checked
within ~10 miles of Calmar
Severity Distribution
within ~10 miles of Calmar
Highest-Severity Sites
A note from Gnorman
What an experienced grower watches for around here
In and around Calmar, Underground Storage Tanks runs higher than the national average — 107 sites within ~10 miles of Calmar. It's not cause for alarm — it's worth knowing, and there's a sensible way to grow around it.
Underground Storage Tanks: Underground storage tanks are the single most common source of soil contamination near homes and gardens.
Use raised beds with imported soil — this eliminates the primary soil-contact pathway.
Check your specific parcel in Calmar
Get exact proximity distances to contamination sources for your specific parcel — plus soil, sun, drainage, and 1,086 plant recommendations.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Calmar average
Your land is one point inside Calmar
Everything above resolves to Calmar as a whole — one PHZM band and one 28°F frost record, read across 719 acres. Your parcel is one point inside that footprint. Slope, tree cover, a low spot that pools cold air, and what is in the soil are all resolved at the address, and none of them are visible at city scale. That is the honest boundary of this page, and the reason the next step is a reading of your own ground rather than a better local average.
Your Lot vs the Calmar Average
Calmar Average
- ●USDA Zones 5a, averaged across Calmar
- ●One soil character for all of Calmar
- ●Frost dates read at Calmar's scale: Apr 19 to Oct 15
YOUR Parcel
- ✓Your exact zone, not Calmar's 5a
- ✓Your SSURGO soil type & pH
- ✓Your sun exposure, cast in 3D
See MY Growing Report
Read your specific parcel in Calmar
Pull a site-specific report for your exact address in Calmar, Iowa — soil, sun, drainage, frost risk, and scored plant recommendations.
Three things about your lot that Calmar averages can't show:
We read public map data around Calmar — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Calmar average
How we know this about Calmar
The datasets: hardiness from the USDA ARS Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023, read at this city’s own centroid; hard-freeze dates from NOAA 1991–2020 28°F normals at Calmar’s own record; boundaries and acreage from US Census TIGER/Line 2025; the contamination records from the federal sources named in their beats above. Soil is not read at city grain anywhere on this page — there is no city-resolution survey in our data, which is why you will find no soil grid here rather than a statewide one wearing a local label. The resolution ledger below names every figure this page inherited.
Common questions about Calmar
When does frost risk typically end in Calmar?
The last hard freeze (28°F) in Calmar typically lands around Apr 19, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — earlier than the light-frost dates most charts quote. That marks the hard freeze, not the last light frost — lighter frosts keep biting past it, which is why tender transplants here wait until about May 10.
When is the first frost in Calmar?
The first hard freeze (28°F) in Calmar typically arrives around Oct 15, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — the point tender summer crops finish. Lighter frosts run ahead of it, near Oct 1, so the watching starts about Sep 15 — about 179 days after the spring freeze cleared.
How long is the growing season in Calmar?
Measured between 28°F hard freezes, Calmar sees about 179 frost-free days — roughly Apr 19 through Oct 15, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals. Tender crops work a shorter one: nearer May 10 to Oct 1, about 144 days.
Is the soil safe to grow vegetables in Calmar?
The federal record around Calmar shows 171 documented sites, mostly Underground Storage Tanks entries (107), the nearest Underground Storage Tanks record under a tenth of a mile out — a typical footprint for a growing area, and proximity to a documented site is information, not a diagnosis of any one yard. It's worth seeing which recorded sites sit closest to where you grow, and testing the soil before new food beds near any of them.
How do I protect my plants from frost in Calmar?
From about Sep 15 the job here turns from planting to protecting — the last start even a 30-day crop can finish. As the season closes around the first 28°F hard freeze near Oct 15 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals), three moves buy time: row cover or an old sheet over tender plants on still, clear nights; water the soil the afternoon before a freeze, so it holds warmth overnight; and harvest tomatoes, peppers and basil before Oct 15. Hardy greens and roots shrug off light frost and sweeten after it — leave them in.
Everything above is measured at Calmar's scale — its 5a band and its 179-day season. Your yard writes its own version of Calmar's numbers: we read soil, sun, drainage and frost at your exact address. Try it for 14 days — no card required.
What this page reads at Calmar’s own scale
6 of the readings below were taken at Calmar's own scale — its own ~179-day season between 28°F freezes, the 719 acres it covers and 171 documented sites around it; 4 are borrowed from a wider read, named and linked below.
Measured here
- Calmar's own USDA hardiness band, zones 5aUSDA PHZM 2023
- Calmar's own 28°F hard-freeze dates, about Apr 19 and Oct 15 and the ~179-day span between themNOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
- 171 documented contamination sites on the federal record near Calmar, the closest Underground Storage Tanks record under a tenth of a mile out from the town centreFederal environmental registers
- Calmar's boundary and the 719 acres inside itUS Census TIGER/Line 2025
- Which of 1,086 plants clear zones 5a and a ~179-day seasonGrowable Ground crop-matching engine
- The ecoregion at Calmar's own centroid, the Driftless AreaUS EPA Level III Ecoregions
Inherited from a wider read
- Soil character — no town-scale survey exists, so Calmar's 719 acres read through its county's SSURGO summaryfrom Winneshiek County
- Growing-degree days and winter chill — measured county-wide only, so the county page carries themfrom Winneshiek County
- The growing challenges every Iowa grower plans around — written at state scale, so they stay on the state guidefrom Iowa
- Butterfly and beetle records, and the farmland pesticide estimate — all published county-widefrom Winneshiek County
What this page can’t tell you
- The soil pH, drainage, sun hours, and frost pockets on any one lot among Calmar's 719 acreswhy one lot differs from the next →
- Which side of Calmar you're on — a low spot frosts first and a south wall warms early, and one normal is being asked to speak for all 719 acresreading your own microclimate →
- How close that record sits to YOUR lot — the closest Underground Storage Tanks record under a tenth of a mile out, measured from the town centrehow we read the record →
- Where cold air settles, which slopes face the sun, and which way the wind runs on your own ground — measured at your address, and averaged away by any Calmar-wide figureread your own land →
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