Cairo, New York, sits in USDA hardiness zone 6a — a range where zone-matched perennials and frost-aware annual timing set what succeeds.
Reliable performers under these conditions include cabbage, hazelnut, lavender, and collard greens; what your own ground favors still comes down to its soil, sun, and drainage.
Even in Cairo, no two yards are alike.
A low spot, a south-facing slope, or a stand of trees moves the frost date and sun across a single Cairo lot. Enter your address and we'll score 1,086 plants against your land's actual soil, sun, and frost.
We read public map data around Cairo — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
No card required · your full report in seconds
Cairo — the short answer
Cairo, New York: USDA zone 6a, about 191 days between hard freezes, across 3K acres of town.
- USDA zone
- 6a
- USDA PHZM 2023
- Last hard freeze (28°F)
- Apr 17
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- First hard freeze (28°F)
- Oct 25
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- Days between freezes
- ~191
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- Town area
- 3K acres
- US Census TIGER/Line 2025
Every figure names the dataset it came from. Hard-freeze dates are this town’s own 28°F normals: light frosts run a few weeks past them, and tender transplants usually wait 2–3 weeks after the last hard freeze.
Hardiness Zone Range
Zone 6a is Cairo's average, not your lot's — a low corner or a tree line moves it. Against Cairo's 191-day season, see what your own ground reads.
Soil varies lot by lot — soil types explained.
What this means for growing in Cairo
Each reading below is measured for Cairo itself — here is what it means for a garden here, and the move an experienced grower makes about it.
Season length
MeasuredCairo runs about 191 days between hard freezes — a moderate growing season.
There is room for the full run of cool-season crops plus a warm-season main crop, but the calendar is tight enough that a late spring or early fall frost still decides how much finishes.
Time warm-season transplants to your last hard freeze, and a few weeks of season extension turns a near-miss harvest into a sure one.
NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
Winter hardiness
MeasuredCairo sits in USDA hardiness zone 6a.
The zone sets which perennials, shrubs, and fruit trees live through an average winter here — a plant rated for a colder zone is a safe bet, one rated warmer needs winter protection or gets treated as an annual.
Match perennials and fruit to the zone before you buy, so nothing you plant is a gamble against the cold.
USDA PHZM 2023
The kind of country Cairo is in
Cairo sits in the Northern Allegheny Plateau — EPA Level III, inside the wider Eastern Temperate Forests. That is read at Cairo's own centroid rather than borrowed from Greene County.
What Grows in Cairo
Every plant below cleared Cairo's own zone 6a and its 191-day season. Each card opens that plant's New York profile. How we score.
Is it too late to plant in Cairo?
Too late for some crops, right on time for others — a growing season is a sequence, not a deadline. Cool-season crops can go in from around Mar 20; tender transplants wait until two to three weeks after the last 28°F hard freeze, which lands near Apr 17 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals); and from midsummer, planting counts back from the first fall freeze around Oct 25 — long-season crops need about 90 days of runway, quick greens only 30. Even past midsummer there is room for a true fall garden here, and garlic planted near the close carries the momentum into next year.
Documented around Cairo
Spotted lanternfly documented 8 miles from Cairo, first recorded 2022. What to watch for.
What's on the federal record near Cairo
Closest first, within ~10 miles of Cairo. Listing isn't leaking, and distance isn't exposure.
- VALLEY FARM STOREUnderground Storage Tanks · 2300 ft
- G 834Nitrate · 0.6 mi
- TOWN OF CAIRO-TOWN HALLUnderground Storage Tanks · 0.7 mi
- G2189Nitrate · 0.7 mi
- CUMBERLAND FARMS INC #3145Brownfields · 0.8 mi
- GETTY #58794Underground Storage Tanks · 0.8 mi
- GREENE COUNTY HIGHWAY DEPARTMENTUnderground Storage Tanks · 0.8 mi
- CAIRO ELEMENTARY SCHOOLUnderground Storage Tanks · 0.9 mi
- NYS DOTUnderground Storage Tanks · 1.0 mi
- FAMILY DOLLAR STORE 5499Brownfields · 1.0 mi
- PURLING ROLLER RINKUnderground Storage Tanks · 1.2 mi
- TRIANGLE GARAGEUnderground Storage Tanks · 1.2 mi
6 more sites are on the record inside the same radius. See them on the map
Measured from Cairo's center, not your beds. Run your own address for what's upwind of you specifically.
Environmental Intelligence
The counts behind that headline — every source type on the record near Cairo.
Sources Checked
within ~10 miles of Cairo
Severity Distribution
within ~10 miles of Cairo
Highest-Severity Sites
A note from Gnorman
What an experienced grower watches for around here
In and around Cairo, Underground Storage Tanks runs higher than the national average — 134 sites within ~10 miles of Cairo. Knowing it is half the work — and it's nothing a thoughtful grower can't plan for.
Underground Storage Tanks: Underground storage tanks are the single most common source of soil contamination near homes and gardens.
Use raised beds with imported soil — this eliminates the primary soil-contact pathway.
Check your specific parcel in Cairo
Get exact proximity distances to contamination sources for your specific parcel — plus soil, sun, drainage, and 1,086 plant recommendations.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Cairo average
Your land is one point inside Cairo
Everything above resolves to Cairo as a whole — one PHZM band and one 28°F frost record, read across 3K acres. Your parcel is one point inside that footprint. Slope, tree cover, a low spot that pools cold air, and what is in the soil are all resolved at the address, and none of them are visible at town scale. That is the honest boundary of this page, and the reason the next step is a reading of your own ground rather than a better local average.
Your Lot vs the Cairo Average
Cairo Average
- ●USDA Zones 6a, averaged across Cairo
- ●One soil character for all of Cairo
- ●Frost dates read at Cairo's scale: Apr 17 to Oct 25
YOUR Parcel
- ✓Your exact zone, not Cairo's 6a
- ✓Your SSURGO soil type & pH
- ✓Your sun exposure, cast in 3D
See MY Growing Report
Read your specific parcel in Cairo
Pull a site-specific report for your exact address in Cairo, New York — soil, sun, drainage, frost risk, and scored plant recommendations.
Three things about your lot that Cairo averages can't show:
We read public map data around Cairo — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Cairo average
How we know this about Cairo
The datasets: hardiness from the USDA ARS Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023, read at this town’s own centroid; hard-freeze dates from NOAA 1991–2020 28°F normals at Cairo’s own record; boundaries and acreage from US Census TIGER/Line 2025; the contamination records from the federal sources named in their beats above. Soil is not read at town grain anywhere on this page — there is no town-resolution survey in our data, which is why you will find no soil grid here rather than a statewide one wearing a local label. The resolution ledger below names every figure this page inherited.
Common questions about Cairo
When does frost risk typically end in Cairo?
The last hard freeze (28°F) in Cairo typically lands around Apr 17, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — earlier than the light-frost dates most charts quote. That marks the hard freeze, not the last light frost — lighter frosts keep biting past it, which is why tender transplants here wait until about May 8.
When is the first frost in Cairo?
The first hard freeze (28°F) in Cairo typically arrives around Oct 25, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — the point tender summer crops finish. Lighter frosts run ahead of it, near Oct 11, so the watching starts about Sep 25 — about 191 days after the spring freeze cleared.
How long is the growing season in Cairo?
Measured between 28°F hard freezes, Cairo sees about 191 frost-free days — roughly Apr 17 through Oct 25, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals. Tender crops work a shorter one: nearer May 8 to Oct 11, about 156 days.
Is the soil safe to grow vegetables in Cairo?
The federal record around Cairo is a meaningful one — 215 documented sites, mostly Underground Storage Tanks entries (134), the nearest Underground Storage Tanks record about 0.4 miles out — so a soil test before new food beds is a sensible precaution here, not a reason to hold back from growing. Remember that proximity to a documented site is information, not a diagnosis of any one yard; the contamination map shows exactly what sits where.
How do I protect my plants from frost in Cairo?
From about Sep 25 the job here turns from planting to protecting — the last start even a 30-day crop can finish. As the season closes around the first 28°F hard freeze near Oct 25 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals), three moves buy time: row cover or an old sheet over tender plants on still, clear nights; water the soil the afternoon before a freeze, so it holds warmth overnight; and harvest tomatoes, peppers and basil before Oct 25. Hardy greens and roots shrug off light frost and sweeten after it — leave them in.
Everything above is measured at Cairo's scale — its 6a band and its 191-day season. Your yard writes its own version of Cairo's numbers: we read soil, sun, drainage and frost at your exact address. Try it for 14 days — no card required.
What this page reads at Cairo’s own scale
7 of the readings below were taken at Cairo's own scale — its own ~191-day season between 28°F freezes, the 2,707 acres it covers and 215 documented sites around it; 4 are borrowed from a wider read, named and linked below.
Measured here
- Cairo's own USDA hardiness band, zones 6aUSDA PHZM 2023
- Cairo's own 28°F hard-freeze dates, about Apr 17 and Oct 25 and the ~191-day span between themNOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
- 215 documented contamination sites on the federal record near Cairo, the closest Underground Storage Tanks record about 0.4 miles out from the town centreFederal environmental registers
- Cairo's boundary and the 2,707 acres inside itUS Census TIGER/Line 2025
- Which of 1,086 plants clear zones 6a and a ~191-day seasonGrowable Ground crop-matching engine
- The ecoregion at Cairo's own centroid, the Northern Allegheny PlateauUS EPA Level III Ecoregions
- A documented spotted-lanternfly record within reach of Cairolydemapr (De Bona & Helmus), 10 km survey lattice
Inherited from a wider read
- Soil character — no town-scale survey exists, so Cairo's 2,707 acres read through its county's SSURGO summaryfrom Greene County
- Growing-degree days and winter chill — measured county-wide only, so the county page carries themfrom Greene County
- The growing challenges every New York grower plans around — written at state scale, so they stay on the state guidefrom New York
- Butterfly and beetle records, and the farmland pesticide estimate — all published county-widefrom Greene County
What this page can’t tell you
- The soil pH, drainage, sun hours, and frost pockets on any one lot among Cairo's 2,707 acreswhy one lot differs from the next →
- Which side of Cairo you're on — a low spot frosts first and a south wall warms early, and one normal is being asked to speak for all 2,707 acresreading your own microclimate →
- How close that record sits to YOUR lot — the closest Underground Storage Tanks record about 0.4 miles out, measured from the town centrehow we read the record →
- Where cold air settles, which slopes face the sun, and which way the wind runs on your own ground — measured at your address, and averaged away by any Cairo-wide figureread your own land →