Butternut, Wisconsin, sits in USDA hardiness zone 4a — a range where zone-matched perennials and frost-aware annual timing set what succeeds.
The conditions favor cabbage, cranberry, cilantro, and collard greens, among others — though every individual site edits that list with its own soil, sun, and drainage.
Even in Butternut, no two yards are alike.
A low spot, a south-facing slope, or a stand of trees moves the frost date and sun across a single Butternut lot. Enter your address and we'll score 1,086 plants against your land's actual soil, sun, and frost.
We read public map data around Butternut — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
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Butternut — the short answer
Butternut, Wisconsin: USDA zone 4a, about 149 days between hard freezes, across 1K acres of town.
- USDA zone
- 4a
- USDA PHZM 2023
- Last hard freeze (28°F)
- May 9
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- First hard freeze (28°F)
- Oct 5
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- Days between freezes
- ~149
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- Town area
- 1K acres
- US Census TIGER/Line 2025
Every figure names the dataset it came from. Hard-freeze dates are this town’s own 28°F normals: light frosts run a few weeks past them, and tender transplants usually wait 2–3 weeks after the last hard freeze.
Hardiness Zone Range
Zone 4a is Butternut's average, not your lot's — a low corner or a tree line moves it. Against Butternut's 149-day season, see what your own ground reads.
Soil varies lot by lot — soil types explained.
What this means for growing in Butternut
Each reading below is measured for Butternut itself — here is what it means for a garden here, and the move an experienced grower makes about it.
Season length
MeasuredButternut runs about 149 days between hard freezes — a short growing season.
Long-maturing crops like melons, sweet potatoes, and winter squash can run out of runway before the first hard freeze, ripening late or not at all.
Lead with fast-maturing varieties, and stretch the season on both ends with cold frames, low tunnels, or a greenhouse.
NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
Winter hardiness
MeasuredButternut sits in USDA hardiness zone 4a.
The zone sets which perennials, shrubs, and fruit trees live through an average winter here — a plant rated for a colder zone is a safe bet, one rated warmer needs winter protection or gets treated as an annual.
Match perennials and fruit to the zone before you buy, so nothing you plant is a gamble against the cold.
USDA PHZM 2023
The kind of country Butternut is in
Butternut sits in the Northern Lakes and Forests — EPA Level III, inside the wider Northern Forests. That is read at Butternut's own centroid rather than borrowed from Ashland County.
What Grows in Butternut
Every plant below cleared Butternut's own zone 4a and its 149-day season. Each card opens that plant's Wisconsin profile. How we score.
Is it too late to plant in Butternut?
For most of the year, no — what changes is which crops still fit the days remaining. Cool-season crops can go in from around Apr 11; tender transplants wait until two to three weeks after the last 28°F hard freeze, which lands near May 9 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals); and from midsummer, planting counts back from the first fall freeze around Oct 5 — long-season crops need about 90 days of runway, quick greens only 30. When the window is tight, the fall moves are quick ones — baby greens, radishes, and garlic set for next season.
What's on the federal record near Butternut
Closest first, within ~10 miles of Butternut. Listing isn't leaking, and distance isn't exposure.
- NORTHLAND SMALL ENGINEBrownfields · 400 ft
- HAROLD HERBST SRUnderground Storage Tanks · 400 ft
- TOWN OF PEEKSVILLEUnderground Storage Tanks · 400 ft
- BOBS NORTHERN PINES RESORTUnderground Storage Tanks · 400 ft
- JOHN SR ERNSTUnderground Storage Tanks · 400 ft
- CAMP 1Underground Storage Tanks · 400 ft
- SHIRLEY DIEMUnderground Storage Tanks · 400 ft
- TONY MILLER JRUnderground Storage Tanks · 400 ft
- ROBERT YUNKUnderground Storage Tanks · 400 ft
- ED WEINBERGERUnderground Storage Tanks · 400 ft
- RUEBEN PREISINGERUnderground Storage Tanks · 400 ft
- SPRING CREEK TAVERNUnderground Storage Tanks · 400 ft
6 more sites are on the record inside the same radius. See them on the map
Measured from Butternut's center, not your beds. Run your own address for what's upwind of you specifically.
Environmental Intelligence
The counts behind that headline — every source type on the record near Butternut.
Total Sites
188
within ~10 miles of Butternut
Risk Level
Moderate
Highest-severity
3 Toxics Release Inventory facilities
Sources Checked
within ~10 miles of Butternut
Severity Distribution
within ~10 miles of Butternut
Highest-Severity Sites
A note from Gnorman
What an experienced grower watches for around here
In and around Butternut, Underground Storage Tanks runs higher than the national average — 139 sites within ~10 miles of Butternut. Knowing it is half the work — and it's nothing a thoughtful grower can't plan for.
Underground Storage Tanks: Underground storage tanks are the single most common source of soil contamination near homes and gardens.
Use raised beds with imported soil — this eliminates the primary soil-contact pathway.
Check your specific parcel in Butternut
Get exact proximity distances to contamination sources for your specific parcel — plus soil, sun, drainage, and 1,086 plant recommendations.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Butternut average
Your land is one point inside Butternut
Everything above resolves to Butternut as a whole — one PHZM band and one 28°F frost record, read across 1K acres. Your parcel is one point inside that footprint. Slope, tree cover, a low spot that pools cold air, and what is in the soil are all resolved at the address, and none of them are visible at town scale. That is the honest boundary of this page, and the reason the next step is a reading of your own ground rather than a better local average.
Your Lot vs the Butternut Average
Butternut Average
- ●USDA Zones 4a, averaged across Butternut
- ●One soil character for all of Butternut
- ●Frost dates read at Butternut's scale: May 9 to Oct 5
YOUR Parcel
- ✓Your exact zone, not Butternut's 4a
- ✓Your SSURGO soil type & pH
- ✓Your sun exposure, cast in 3D
See MY Growing Report
Read your specific parcel in Butternut
Pull a site-specific report for your exact address in Butternut, Wisconsin — soil, sun, drainage, frost risk, and scored plant recommendations.
Three things about your lot that Butternut averages can't show:
We read public map data around Butternut — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Butternut average
How we know this about Butternut
The datasets: hardiness from the USDA ARS Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023, read at this town’s own centroid; hard-freeze dates from NOAA 1991–2020 28°F normals at Butternut’s own record; boundaries and acreage from US Census TIGER/Line 2025; the contamination records from the federal sources named in their beats above. Soil is not read at town grain anywhere on this page — there is no town-resolution survey in our data, which is why you will find no soil grid here rather than a statewide one wearing a local label. The resolution ledger below names every figure this page inherited.
Common questions about Butternut
When does frost risk typically end in Butternut?
The last hard freeze (28°F) in Butternut typically lands around May 9, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — earlier than the light-frost dates most charts quote. That marks the hard freeze, not the last light frost — lighter frosts keep biting past it, which is why tender transplants here wait until about May 30.
When is the first frost in Butternut?
The first hard freeze (28°F) in Butternut typically arrives around Oct 5, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — the point tender summer crops finish. Lighter frosts run ahead of it, near Sep 21, so the watching starts about Sep 5 — about 149 days after the spring freeze cleared.
How long is the growing season in Butternut?
Measured between 28°F hard freezes, Butternut sees about 149 frost-free days — roughly May 9 through Oct 5, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals. Tender crops work a shorter one: nearer May 30 to Sep 21, about 114 days.
Is the soil safe to grow vegetables in Butternut?
The federal record around Butternut shows 188 documented sites, mostly Underground Storage Tanks entries (139), the nearest Brownfields record under a tenth of a mile out — a typical footprint for a growing area, and proximity to a documented site is information, not a diagnosis of any one yard. It's worth seeing which recorded sites sit closest to where you grow, and testing the soil before new food beds near any of them.
How do gardeners stretch the season in Butternut?
With about 149 frost-free days between hard freezes, Butternut rewards the classic extension moves: floating row cover buys roughly two to four extra weeks at each shoulder — on this season that is a working window nearer 177 to 205 days — and cold frames or low tunnels buy more. Starting transplants indoors ahead of the May 9 hard-freeze normal stretches the season without touching the calendar.
Everything above is measured at Butternut's scale — its 4a band and its 149-day season. Your yard writes its own version of Butternut's numbers: we read soil, sun, drainage and frost at your exact address. Try it for 14 days — no card required.
What this page reads at Butternut’s own scale
6 of the readings below were taken at Butternut's own scale — its own ~149-day season between 28°F freezes, the 1,011 acres it covers and 188 documented sites around it; 4 are borrowed from a wider read, named and linked below.
Measured here
- Butternut's own USDA hardiness band, zones 4aUSDA PHZM 2023
- Butternut's own 28°F hard-freeze dates, about May 9 and Oct 5 and the ~149-day span between themNOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
- 188 documented contamination sites on the federal record near Butternut, the closest Brownfields record under a tenth of a mile out from the town centreFederal environmental registers
- Butternut's boundary and the 1,011 acres inside itUS Census TIGER/Line 2025
- Which of 1,086 plants clear zones 4a and a ~149-day seasonGrowable Ground crop-matching engine
- The ecoregion at Butternut's own centroid, the Northern Lakes and ForestsUS EPA Level III Ecoregions
Inherited from a wider read
- Soil character — no town-scale survey exists, so Butternut's 1,011 acres read through its county's SSURGO summaryfrom Ashland County
- Growing-degree days and winter chill — measured county-wide only, so the county page carries themfrom Ashland County
- The growing challenges every Wisconsin grower plans around — written at state scale, so they stay on the state guidefrom Wisconsin
- Butterfly and beetle records, and the farmland pesticide estimate — all published county-widefrom Ashland County
What this page can’t tell you
- The soil pH, drainage, sun hours, and frost pockets on any one lot among Butternut's 1,011 acreswhy one lot differs from the next →
- Which side of Butternut you're on — a low spot frosts first and a south wall warms early, and one normal is being asked to speak for all 1,011 acresreading your own microclimate →
- How close that record sits to YOUR lot — the closest Brownfields record under a tenth of a mile out, measured from the town centrehow we read the record →
- Where cold air settles, which slopes face the sun, and which way the wind runs on your own ground — measured at your address, and averaged away by any Butternut-wide figureread your own land →
More in Wisconsin
Wider growing context
What grows across WisconsinButternut sits outside our named growing regions, so Wisconsin as a whole is its closest context here.
Nearby growing guides