Yuma, Arizona, sits in USDA hardiness zone 10a — a range where zone-matched perennials and frost-aware annual timing set what succeeds.
A short list that earns its place here — palo verde, citrus, jalapeno, and date palm — with any one site's soil, sun, and drainage making the final cut.
Even in Yuma, no two yards are alike.
A low spot, a south-facing slope, or a stand of trees moves the frost date and sun across a single Yuma lot. Enter your address and we'll score 1,086 plants against your land's actual soil, sun, and frost.
We read public map data around Yuma — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
No card required · your full report in seconds
Yuma — the short answer
Yuma, Arizona: USDA zone 10a, about 316 days between hard freezes, across 77K acres of city.
- USDA zone
- 10a
- USDA PHZM 2023
- Last hard freeze (28°F)
- Jan 29
- Yuma County normal — NOAA 1991–2020, nearest to this town
- First hard freeze (28°F)
- Dec 11
- Yuma County normal — NOAA 1991–2020, nearest to this town
- Days between freezes
- ~316
- Yuma County normal — NOAA 1991–2020, nearest to this town
- City area
- 77K acres
- US Census TIGER/Line 2025
Every figure names the dataset it came from. No 30-year normal resolves at this town’s own centroid, so the hard-freeze dates are Yuma County’s — the closest measured record, labelled as such rather than passed off as local.
Hardiness Zone Range
Zone 10a is Yuma's average, not your lot's — a low corner or a tree line moves it. Against Yuma's 316-day season, see what your own ground reads.
Soil varies lot by lot — soil types explained.
What this means for growing in Yuma
Each reading below is measured for Yuma itself — here is what it means for a garden here, and the move an experienced grower makes about it.
Season length
From county recordsYuma runs about 316 days between hard freezes (read from Yuma County, the closest normal to Yuma) — close to year-round growing.
Frost is rarely the limit here; winter plantings are as real as summer ones, and the harder question is which crops shrug off the summer heat.
Grow cool-season crops through the mild winter, and choose heat-tolerant varieties for the summer beds.
NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
Winter hardiness
MeasuredYuma sits in USDA hardiness zone 10a.
The zone sets which perennials, shrubs, and fruit trees live through an average winter here — a plant rated for a colder zone is a safe bet, one rated warmer needs winter protection or gets treated as an annual.
Match perennials and fruit to the zone before you buy, so nothing you plant is a gamble against the cold.
USDA PHZM 2023
The kind of country Yuma is in
Yuma sits in the Sonoran Basin and Range — EPA Level III, inside the wider North American Deserts. That is read at Yuma's own centroid rather than borrowed from Yuma County.
What Grows in Yuma
Plants matched to Yuma's USDA zones 10a, ordered by how much hardiness margin each has here — the ones with room to spare at both ends of this town's band lead. Each links to its full growing profile.
Is it too late to plant in Yuma?
Too late for some crops, right on time for others — a growing season is a sequence, not a deadline. Cool-season crops can go in from around Jan 1; tender transplants wait until two to three weeks after the last 28°F hard freeze, which lands near Jan 29 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals); and from midsummer, planting counts back from the first fall freeze around Dec 11 — long-season crops need about 90 days of runway, quick greens only 30. In a climate this gentle, “too late” hardly applies — the question becomes which crops prefer the cooler months ahead.
Documented around Yuma
Survey cells within 31 miles of Yuma checked for spotted lanternfly, none carrying a detection — a surveyed negative, not an absence of looking. Nearest documented record 160 miles off. What to watch for.
What's on the federal record near Yuma
Closest first, within ~10 miles of Yuma. Listing isn't leaking, and distance isn't exposure.
- C-10-23 11DCD1Nitrate · 5.2 mi
- C-10-23 12BDA1Nitrate · 5.2 mi
- C-10-23 12ABA1Nitrate · 5.3 mi
- C-10-23 12ABA2Nitrate · 5.3 mi
- C-10-23 15AAA1Nitrate · 5.7 mi
- C-10-23 15AAB1Nitrate · 5.7 mi
- C-10-23 11CCB1Nitrate · 5.8 mi
- USMC - BARRY M GOLDWATER RANGE WESTERNToxics Release Inventory · 7.2 mi
- USMC - BARRY M GOLDWATER RANGE WESTERNBrownfields · 7.2 mi
- C-09-22 28CBB1Nitrate · 7.4 mi
- C-12-22 09BAB1Nitrate · 7.5 mi
- C-09-23 25DBA2Nitrate · 7.6 mi
6 more sites are on the record inside the same radius. See them on the map
Measured from Yuma's center, not your beds. Run your own address for what's upwind of you specifically.
Environmental Intelligence
The counts behind that headline — every source type on the record near Yuma.
Total Sites
58
within ~10 miles of Yuma
Risk Level
Elevated
Highest-severity
2 Superfund sites (none NPL-listed)
Sources Checked
within ~10 miles of Yuma
Severity Distribution
within ~10 miles of Yuma
Highest-Severity Sites
A note from Gnorman
What an experienced grower watches for around here
In and around Yuma, Nitrate runs higher than the national average — 34 sites within ~10 miles of Yuma. It's not cause for alarm — it's worth knowing, and there's a sensible way to grow around it.
Nitrate: Nitrate contamination primarily comes from agricultural fertilizer runoff and failing septic systems.
Test well water for nitrate if you rely on a private well for irrigation (EPA standard: 10 mg/L).
Check your specific parcel in Yuma
Get exact proximity distances to contamination sources for your specific parcel — plus soil, sun, drainage, and 1,086 plant recommendations.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Yuma average
Your land is one point inside Yuma
Everything above resolves to Yuma as a whole — one PHZM band, read across 77K acres, with hard-freeze dates borrowed from Yuma County’s record because no 30-year normal resolves at this city’s own centroid. Your parcel is one point inside that footprint. Slope, tree cover, a low spot that pools cold air, and what is in the soil are all resolved at the address, and none of them are visible at city scale. That is the honest boundary of this page, and the reason the next step is a reading of your own ground rather than a better local average.
Your Lot vs the Yuma Average
Yuma Average
- ●USDA Zones 10a, averaged across Yuma
- ●One soil character for all of Yuma
- ●Frost dates read at Yuma's scale: Jan 29 to Dec 11
YOUR Parcel
- ✓Your exact zone, not Yuma's 10a
- ✓Your SSURGO soil type & pH
- ✓Your sun exposure, cast in 3D
See MY Growing Report
Read your specific parcel in Yuma
Pull a site-specific report for your exact address in Yuma, Arizona — soil, sun, drainage, frost risk, and scored plant recommendations.
Three things about your lot that Yuma averages can't show:
We read public map data around Yuma — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Yuma average
How we know this about Yuma
The datasets: hardiness from the USDA ARS Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023, read at this city’s own centroid; hard-freeze dates from NOAA 1991–2020 28°F normals at Yuma County’s record, because none resolves here; boundaries and acreage from US Census TIGER/Line 2025; the contamination records from the federal sources named in their beats above. Soil is not read at city grain anywhere on this page — there is no city-resolution survey in our data, which is why you will find no soil grid here rather than a statewide one wearing a local label. The resolution ledger below names every figure this page inherited.
Common questions about Yuma
When does frost risk typically end in Yuma?
The last hard freeze (28°F) in Yuma typically lands around Jan 29, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — earlier than the light-frost dates most charts quote. That marks the hard freeze, not the last light frost — lighter frosts keep biting past it, which is why tender transplants here wait until about Feb 19.
When is the first frost in Yuma?
The first hard freeze (28°F) in Yuma typically arrives around Dec 11, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — the point tender summer crops finish. Lighter frosts run ahead of it, near Nov 27, so the watching starts about Nov 11 — about 316 days after the spring freeze cleared.
How long is the growing season in Yuma?
Measured between 28°F hard freezes, Yuma sees about 316 frost-free days — roughly Jan 29 through Dec 11, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals. Tender crops work a shorter one: nearer Feb 19 to Nov 27, about 281 days.
Is the soil safe to grow vegetables in Yuma?
The federal record around Yuma is a meaningful one — 58 documented sites, mostly Nitrate entries (34), the nearest Nitrate record about 5.2 miles out — so a soil test before new food beds is a sensible precaution here, not a reason to hold back from growing. Remember that proximity to a documented site is information, not a diagnosis of any one yard; the contamination map shows exactly what sits where.
How do I protect my plants from frost in Yuma?
From about Nov 11 the job here turns from planting to protecting — the last start even a 30-day crop can finish. As the season closes around the first 28°F hard freeze near Dec 11 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals), three moves buy time: row cover or an old sheet over tender plants on still, clear nights; water the soil the afternoon before a freeze, so it holds warmth overnight; and harvest tomatoes, peppers and basil before Dec 11. Hardy greens and roots shrug off light frost and sweeten after it — leave them in.
Everything above is measured at Yuma's scale — its 10a band and its 316-day season. Your yard writes its own version of Yuma's numbers: we read soil, sun, drainage and frost at your exact address. Try it for 14 days — no card required.
What this page reads at Yuma’s own scale
5 of the readings below were taken at Yuma's own scale — the 77,494 acres it covers and 58 documented sites around it; 6 are borrowed from a wider read, named and linked below.
Measured here
- Yuma's own USDA hardiness band, zones 10aUSDA PHZM 2023
- 58 documented contamination sites on the federal record near Yuma, the closest Nitrate record about 5.2 miles out from the town centreFederal environmental registers
- Yuma's boundary and the 77,494 acres inside itUS Census TIGER/Line 2025
- The ecoregion at Yuma's own centroid, the Sonoran Basin and RangeUS EPA Level III Ecoregions
- Lanternfly survey cells around Yuma checked, none carrying a detectionlydemapr (De Bona & Helmus), 10 km survey lattice
Inherited from a wider read
- The 28°F hard-freeze dates — Yuma has no normal of its own, so its county's is the closest measured readfrom Yuma County
- Soil character — no town-scale survey exists, so Yuma's 77,494 acres read through its county's SSURGO summaryfrom Yuma County
- The candidate plant list — Arizona's curated set, filtered to this zone band and re-ordered by how much margin each has herefrom Arizona
- Growing-degree days and winter chill — measured county-wide only, so the county page carries themfrom Yuma County
- The growing challenges every Arizona grower plans around — written at state scale, so they stay on the state guidefrom Arizona
- Butterfly and beetle records, and the farmland pesticide estimate — all published county-widefrom Yuma County
What this page can’t tell you
- The soil pH, drainage, sun hours, and frost pockets on any one lot among Yuma's 77,494 acreswhy one lot differs from the next →
- Which side of Yuma you're on — a low spot frosts first and a south wall warms early, and one normal is being asked to speak for all 77,494 acresreading your own microclimate →
- How close that record sits to YOUR lot — the closest Nitrate record about 5.2 miles out, measured from the town centrehow we read the record →
- Where cold air settles, which slopes face the sun, and which way the wind runs on your own ground — measured at your address, and averaged away by any Yuma-wide figureread your own land →