Sacramento, California, sits in USDA hardiness zone 9b — a band that supports both cool-season staples and warm-season crops chosen to fit the local frost window.
The conditions favor okra, meyer lemon, california poppy, and artichoke, among others — though every individual site edits that list with its own soil, sun, and drainage.
Even in Sacramento, no two yards are alike.
A low spot, a south-facing slope, or a stand of trees moves the frost date and sun across a single Sacramento lot. Enter your address and we'll score 1,086 plants against your land's actual soil, sun, and frost.
We read public map data around Sacramento — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
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Sacramento — the short answer
Sacramento, California: USDA zone 9b, about 324 days between hard freezes, across 63K acres of city.
- USDA zone
- 9b
- USDA PHZM 2023
- Last hard freeze (28°F)
- Jan 22
- Sacramento County normal — NOAA 1991–2020, nearest to this town
- First hard freeze (28°F)
- Dec 12
- Sacramento County normal — NOAA 1991–2020, nearest to this town
- Days between freezes
- ~324
- Sacramento County normal — NOAA 1991–2020, nearest to this town
- City area
- 63K acres
- US Census TIGER/Line 2025
Every figure names the dataset it came from. No 30-year normal resolves at this town’s own centroid, so the hard-freeze dates are Sacramento County’s — the closest measured record, labelled as such rather than passed off as local.
Hardiness Zone Range
Zone 9b is Sacramento's average, not your lot's — a low corner or a tree line moves it. Against Sacramento's 324-day season, see what your own ground reads.
Soil varies lot by lot — soil types explained.
What this means for growing in Sacramento
Each reading below is measured for Sacramento itself — here is what it means for a garden here, and the move an experienced grower makes about it.
Season length
From county recordsSacramento runs about 324 days between hard freezes (read from Sacramento County, the closest normal to Sacramento) — close to year-round growing.
Frost is rarely the limit here; winter plantings are as real as summer ones, and the harder question is which crops shrug off the summer heat.
Grow cool-season crops through the mild winter, and choose heat-tolerant varieties for the summer beds.
NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
Winter hardiness
MeasuredSacramento sits in USDA hardiness zone 9b.
The zone sets which perennials, shrubs, and fruit trees live through an average winter here — a plant rated for a colder zone is a safe bet, one rated warmer needs winter protection or gets treated as an annual.
Match perennials and fruit to the zone before you buy, so nothing you plant is a gamble against the cold.
USDA PHZM 2023
The kind of country Sacramento is in
Sacramento sits in the Central California Valley — EPA Level III, inside the wider Mediterranean California. That is read at Sacramento's own centroid rather than borrowed from Sacramento County.
What Grows in Sacramento
Every plant below cleared Sacramento's own zone 9b and its 324-day season. Each card opens that plant's California profile. How we score.
Is it too late to plant in Sacramento?
For most of the year, no — what changes is which crops still fit the days remaining. Cool-season crops can go in from around Jan 1; tender transplants wait until two to three weeks after the last 28°F hard freeze, which lands near Jan 22 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals); and from midsummer, planting counts back from the first fall freeze around Dec 12 — long-season crops need about 90 days of runway, quick greens only 30. And with a calendar this mild, the honest answer is that planting barely stops — winter opens seasons colder regions never see.
What's on the federal record near Sacramento
Closest first, within ~10 miles of Sacramento. Listing isn't leaking, and distance isn't exposure.
- United #5436Underground Storage Tanks · 400 ft
- UNITED #5436Brownfields · 400 ft
- TOSCO NORTHWEST CO NO 11179Brownfields · 550 ft
- UC DAVIS MEDICAL GROUP MIDTOWN CLINICBrownfields · 700 ft
- ALICIA LEECHBrownfields · 750 ft
- JIFFY LUBE #1463Brownfields · 750 ft
- UC DAVIS MEDICAL CENTER EH&SBrownfields · 750 ft
- HCP MEDICAL OFFICE BLDGS 1 LLCBrownfields · 800 ft
- BECK, STEVEBrownfields · 800 ft
- SACRAMENTO MEDICAL FOUNDATIONBrownfields · 850 ft
- SACRAMENTO REGIONAL TRANSIT DISTUnderground Storage Tanks · 1000 ft
- THOMAS W FONG DDSBrownfields · 1100 ft
6 more sites are on the record inside the same radius. See them on the map
Measured from Sacramento's center, not your beds. Run your own address for what's upwind of you specifically.
Environmental Intelligence
The counts behind that headline — every source type on the record near Sacramento.
Sources Checked
within ~10 miles of Sacramento
Severity Distribution
within ~10 miles of Sacramento
Highest-Severity Sites
A note from Gnorman
What an experienced grower watches for around here
In and around Sacramento, Brownfields runs higher than the national average — 4,536 sites within ~10 miles of Sacramento. That's not a problem with your land — it's information about it.
Brownfields: Brownfield sites are former commercial or industrial properties where legacy soil contamination (heavy metals, PAHs, petroleum compounds) may persist.
Check EPA brownfield remediation status — many sites have completed cleanup with institutional controls.
Check your specific parcel in Sacramento
Get exact proximity distances to contamination sources for your specific parcel — plus soil, sun, drainage, and 1,086 plant recommendations.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Sacramento average
Your land is one point inside Sacramento
Everything above resolves to Sacramento as a whole — one PHZM band, read across 63K acres, with hard-freeze dates borrowed from Sacramento County’s record because no 30-year normal resolves at this city’s own centroid. Your parcel is one point inside that footprint. Slope, tree cover, a low spot that pools cold air, and what is in the soil are all resolved at the address, and none of them are visible at city scale. That is the honest boundary of this page, and the reason the next step is a reading of your own ground rather than a better local average.
Your Lot vs the Sacramento Average
Sacramento Average
- ●USDA Zones 9b, averaged across Sacramento
- ●One soil character for all of Sacramento
- ●Frost dates read at Sacramento's scale: Jan 22 to Dec 12
YOUR Parcel
- ✓Your exact zone, not Sacramento's 9b
- ✓Your SSURGO soil type & pH
- ✓Your sun exposure, cast in 3D
See MY Growing Report
Read your specific parcel in Sacramento
Pull a site-specific report for your exact address in Sacramento, California — soil, sun, drainage, frost risk, and scored plant recommendations.
Three things about your lot that Sacramento averages can't show:
We read public map data around Sacramento — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Sacramento average
How we know this about Sacramento
The datasets: hardiness from the USDA ARS Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023, read at this city’s own centroid; hard-freeze dates from NOAA 1991–2020 28°F normals at Sacramento County’s record, because none resolves here; boundaries and acreage from US Census TIGER/Line 2025; the contamination records from the federal sources named in their beats above. Soil is not read at city grain anywhere on this page — there is no city-resolution survey in our data, which is why you will find no soil grid here rather than a statewide one wearing a local label. The resolution ledger below names every figure this page inherited.
Common questions about Sacramento
When does frost risk typically end in Sacramento?
The last hard freeze (28°F) in Sacramento typically lands around Jan 22, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — earlier than the light-frost dates most charts quote. That marks the hard freeze, not the last light frost — lighter frosts keep biting past it, which is why tender transplants here wait until about Feb 12.
When is the first frost in Sacramento?
The first hard freeze (28°F) in Sacramento typically arrives around Dec 12, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — the point tender summer crops finish. Lighter frosts run ahead of it, near Nov 28, so the watching starts about Nov 12 — about 324 days after the spring freeze cleared.
How long is the growing season in Sacramento?
Measured between 28°F hard freezes, Sacramento sees about 324 frost-free days — roughly Jan 22 through Dec 12, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals. Tender crops work a shorter one: nearer Feb 12 to Nov 28, about 289 days.
Is the soil safe to grow vegetables in Sacramento?
The federal record around Sacramento runs heavier than most — 5,132 documented sites, mostly Brownfields entries (4,536), the nearest Underground Storage Tanks record under a tenth of a mile out — so test the soil before planting food in the ground, and raised beds with clean imported soil grow well in the meantime. Even here, proximity to a documented site is information, not a diagnosis of any one yard; the contamination map shows exactly what's recorded and where.
How do I protect my plants from frost in Sacramento?
From about Nov 12 the job here turns from planting to protecting — the last start even a 30-day crop can finish. As the season closes around the first 28°F hard freeze near Dec 12 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals), three moves buy time: row cover or an old sheet over tender plants on still, clear nights; water the soil the afternoon before a freeze, so it holds warmth overnight; and harvest tomatoes, peppers and basil before Dec 12. Hardy greens and roots shrug off light frost and sweeten after it — leave them in.
Everything above is measured at Sacramento's scale — its 9b band and its 324-day season. Your yard writes its own version of Sacramento's numbers: we read soil, sun, drainage and frost at your exact address. Try it for 14 days — no card required.
What this page reads at Sacramento’s own scale
5 of the readings below were taken at Sacramento's own scale — the 63,133 acres it covers and 5,132 documented sites around it; 5 are borrowed from a wider read, named and linked below.
Measured here
- Sacramento's own USDA hardiness band, zones 9bUSDA PHZM 2023
- 5,132 documented contamination sites on the federal record near Sacramento, the closest Underground Storage Tanks record under a tenth of a mile out from the town centreFederal environmental registers
- Sacramento's boundary and the 63,133 acres inside itUS Census TIGER/Line 2025
- Which of 1,086 plants clear zones 9b and a ~324-day seasonGrowable Ground crop-matching engine
- The ecoregion at Sacramento's own centroid, the Central California ValleyUS EPA Level III Ecoregions
Inherited from a wider read
- The 28°F hard-freeze dates — Sacramento has no normal of its own, so its county's is the closest measured readfrom Sacramento County
- Soil character — no town-scale survey exists, so Sacramento's 63,133 acres read through its county's SSURGO summaryfrom Sacramento County
- Growing-degree days and winter chill — measured county-wide only, so the county page carries themfrom Sacramento County
- The growing challenges every California grower plans around — written at state scale, so they stay on the state guidefrom California
- Butterfly and beetle records, and the farmland pesticide estimate — all published county-widefrom Sacramento County
What this page can’t tell you
- The soil pH, drainage, sun hours, and frost pockets on any one lot among Sacramento's 63,133 acreswhy one lot differs from the next →
- Which side of Sacramento you're on — a low spot frosts first and a south wall warms early, and one normal is being asked to speak for all 63,133 acresreading your own microclimate →
- How close that record sits to YOUR lot — the closest Underground Storage Tanks record under a tenth of a mile out, measured from the town centrehow we read the record →
- Where cold air settles, which slopes face the sun, and which way the wind runs on your own ground — measured at your address, and averaged away by any Sacramento-wide figureread your own land →