Greenfield, Illinois, sits in USDA hardiness zone 6b — room for a real mix of vegetables, fruit, and perennials matched to the local frost calendar.
The conditions favor cabbage, hazelnut, lavender, and collard greens, among others — though every individual site edits that list with its own soil, sun, and drainage.
Even in Greenfield, no two yards are alike.
A low spot, a south-facing slope, or a stand of trees moves the frost date and sun across a single Greenfield lot. Enter your address and we'll score 1,086 plants against your land's actual soil, sun, and frost.
We read public map data around Greenfield — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
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Greenfield — the short answer
Greenfield, Illinois: USDA zone 6b, about 219 days between hard freezes, across 1K acres of city.
- USDA zone
- 6b
- USDA PHZM 2023
- Last hard freeze (28°F)
- Mar 29
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- First hard freeze (28°F)
- Nov 3
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- Days between freezes
- ~219
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- City area
- 1K acres
- US Census TIGER/Line 2025
Every figure names the dataset it came from. Hard-freeze dates are this town’s own 28°F normals: light frosts run a few weeks past them, and tender transplants usually wait 2–3 weeks after the last hard freeze.
Hardiness Zone Range
Zone 6b is Greenfield's average, not your lot's — a low corner or a tree line moves it. Against Greenfield's 219-day season, see what your own ground reads.
Soil varies lot by lot — soil types explained.
What this means for growing in Greenfield
Each reading below is measured for Greenfield itself — here is what it means for a garden here, and the move an experienced grower makes about it.
Season length
MeasuredGreenfield runs about 219 days between hard freezes — a long growing season.
There is slack for succession plantings and slow-finishing crops: many vegetables can be sown twice, and the heat-lovers have time to ripen fully.
Plan a second sowing of quick crops after the first comes out, and use the fall window most gardeners let sit idle.
NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
Winter hardiness
MeasuredGreenfield sits in USDA hardiness zone 6b.
The zone sets which perennials, shrubs, and fruit trees live through an average winter here — a plant rated for a colder zone is a safe bet, one rated warmer needs winter protection or gets treated as an annual.
Match perennials and fruit to the zone before you buy, so nothing you plant is a gamble against the cold.
USDA PHZM 2023
The kind of country Greenfield is in
Greenfield sits in the Interior River Valleys and Hills — EPA Level III, inside the wider Eastern Temperate Forests. That is read at Greenfield's own centroid rather than borrowed from Greene County.
What Grows in Greenfield
Every plant below cleared Greenfield's own zone 6b and its 219-day season. Each card opens that plant's Illinois profile. How we score.
Is it too late to plant in Greenfield?
Rarely: the season closes in stages, not all at once, and each stage has its crops. Cool-season crops can go in from around Mar 1; tender transplants wait until two to three weeks after the last 28°F hard freeze, which lands near Mar 29 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals); and from midsummer, planting counts back from the first fall freeze around Nov 3 — long-season crops need about 90 days of runway, quick greens only 30. There is slack in a calendar like this — late plantings, second rounds of favorites, and a fall bench that keeps beds working.
What's on the federal record near Greenfield
Closest first, within ~10 miles of Greenfield. Listing isn't leaking, and distance isn't exposure.
- Farm 7048Underground Storage Tanks · 750 ft
- OWEN'S OIL COMPANYBrownfields · 750 ft
- Owens Amoco StationUnderground Storage Tanks · 750 ft
- Erthal Oil CompanyUnderground Storage Tanks · 850 ft
- Bob Lamb Co IncUnderground Storage Tanks · 950 ft
- MCDANIELS AUTO RPRBrownfields · 1000 ft
- Fw Becker IncUnderground Storage Tanks · 1100 ft
- Morrow Bros Ford IncUnderground Storage Tanks · 1500 ft
- Dawsons Ag Ser IncUnderground Storage Tanks · 1700 ft
- City ShedUnderground Storage Tanks · 1800 ft
- Rockbridge Township OfUnderground Storage Tanks · 1800 ft
- Schirz Concrete Products IncUnderground Storage Tanks · 1800 ft
6 more sites are on the record inside the same radius. See them on the map
Measured from Greenfield's center, not your beds. Run your own address for what's upwind of you specifically.
Environmental Intelligence
The counts behind that headline — every source type on the record near Greenfield.
Total Sites
35
within ~10 miles of Greenfield
Risk Level
Low
Highest-severity
1 concentrated animal feeding operation
Sources Checked
within ~10 miles of Greenfield
Severity Distribution
within ~10 miles of Greenfield
Highest-Severity Sites
A note from Gnorman
What an experienced grower watches for around here
In and around Greenfield, Underground Storage Tanks runs higher than the national average — 25 sites within ~10 miles of Greenfield. That's not a problem with your land — it's information about it.
Underground Storage Tanks: Underground storage tanks are the single most common source of soil contamination near homes and gardens.
Use raised beds with imported soil — this eliminates the primary soil-contact pathway.
Check your specific parcel in Greenfield
Get exact proximity distances to contamination sources for your specific parcel — plus soil, sun, drainage, and 1,086 plant recommendations.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Greenfield average
Your land is one point inside Greenfield
Everything above resolves to Greenfield as a whole — one PHZM band and one 28°F frost record, read across 1K acres. Your parcel is one point inside that footprint. Slope, tree cover, a low spot that pools cold air, and what is in the soil are all resolved at the address, and none of them are visible at city scale. That is the honest boundary of this page, and the reason the next step is a reading of your own ground rather than a better local average.
Your Lot vs the Greenfield Average
Greenfield Average
- ●USDA Zones 6b, averaged across Greenfield
- ●One soil character for all of Greenfield
- ●Frost dates read at Greenfield's scale: Mar 29 to Nov 3
YOUR Parcel
- ✓Your exact zone, not Greenfield's 6b
- ✓Your SSURGO soil type & pH
- ✓Your sun exposure, cast in 3D
See MY Growing Report
Read your specific parcel in Greenfield
Pull a site-specific report for your exact address in Greenfield, Illinois — soil, sun, drainage, frost risk, and scored plant recommendations.
Three things about your lot that Greenfield averages can't show:
We read public map data around Greenfield — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Greenfield average
How we know this about Greenfield
The datasets: hardiness from the USDA ARS Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023, read at this city’s own centroid; hard-freeze dates from NOAA 1991–2020 28°F normals at Greenfield’s own record; boundaries and acreage from US Census TIGER/Line 2025; the contamination records from the federal sources named in their beats above. Soil is not read at city grain anywhere on this page — there is no city-resolution survey in our data, which is why you will find no soil grid here rather than a statewide one wearing a local label. The resolution ledger below names every figure this page inherited.
Common questions about Greenfield
When does frost risk typically end in Greenfield?
The last hard freeze (28°F) in Greenfield typically lands around Mar 29, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — earlier than the light-frost dates most charts quote. That marks the hard freeze, not the last light frost — lighter frosts keep biting past it, which is why tender transplants here wait until about Apr 19.
When is the first frost in Greenfield?
The first hard freeze (28°F) in Greenfield typically arrives around Nov 3, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — the point tender summer crops finish. Lighter frosts run ahead of it, near Oct 20, so the watching starts about Oct 4 — about 219 days after the spring freeze cleared.
How long is the growing season in Greenfield?
Measured between 28°F hard freezes, Greenfield sees about 219 frost-free days — roughly Mar 29 through Nov 3, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals. Tender crops work a shorter one: nearer Apr 19 to Oct 20, about 184 days.
Is the soil safe to grow vegetables in Greenfield?
The federal record around Greenfield is light — 35 documented sites across the 9 federal source types we checked, mostly Underground Storage Tanks entries (25), the nearest Underground Storage Tanks record about 0.1 miles out — and proximity to a documented site is information, not a diagnosis of any one yard. Growing food here starts from a strong position; a soil test before new food beds settles any site-specific question.
How do I protect my plants from frost in Greenfield?
From about Oct 4 the job here turns from planting to protecting — the last start even a 30-day crop can finish. As the season closes around the first 28°F hard freeze near Nov 3 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals), three moves buy time: row cover or an old sheet over tender plants on still, clear nights; water the soil the afternoon before a freeze, so it holds warmth overnight; and harvest tomatoes, peppers and basil before Nov 3. Hardy greens and roots shrug off light frost and sweeten after it — leave them in.
Everything above is measured at Greenfield's scale — its 6b band and its 219-day season. Your yard writes its own version of Greenfield's numbers: we read soil, sun, drainage and frost at your exact address. Try it for 14 days — no card required.
What this page reads at Greenfield’s own scale
6 of the readings below were taken at Greenfield's own scale — its own ~219-day season between 28°F freezes, the 1,097 acres it covers and 35 documented sites around it; 4 are borrowed from a wider read, named and linked below.
Measured here
- Greenfield's own USDA hardiness band, zones 6bUSDA PHZM 2023
- Greenfield's own 28°F hard-freeze dates, about Mar 29 and Nov 3 and the ~219-day span between themNOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
- 35 documented contamination sites on the federal record near Greenfield, the closest Underground Storage Tanks record about 0.1 miles out from the town centreFederal environmental registers
- Greenfield's boundary and the 1,097 acres inside itUS Census TIGER/Line 2025
- Which of 1,086 plants clear zones 6b and a ~219-day seasonGrowable Ground crop-matching engine
- The ecoregion at Greenfield's own centroid, the Interior River Valleys and HillsUS EPA Level III Ecoregions
Inherited from a wider read
- Soil character — no town-scale survey exists, so Greenfield's 1,097 acres read through its county's SSURGO summaryfrom Greene County
- Growing-degree days and winter chill — measured county-wide only, so the county page carries themfrom Greene County
- The growing challenges every Illinois grower plans around — written at state scale, so they stay on the state guidefrom Illinois
- Butterfly and beetle records, and the farmland pesticide estimate — all published county-widefrom Greene County
What this page can’t tell you
- The soil pH, drainage, sun hours, and frost pockets on any one lot among Greenfield's 1,097 acreswhy one lot differs from the next →
- Which side of Greenfield you're on — a low spot frosts first and a south wall warms early, and one normal is being asked to speak for all 1,097 acresreading your own microclimate →
- How close that record sits to YOUR lot — the closest Underground Storage Tanks record about 0.1 miles out, measured from the town centrehow we read the record →
- Where cold air settles, which slopes face the sun, and which way the wind runs on your own ground — measured at your address, and averaged away by any Greenfield-wide figureread your own land →
More in Illinois
Wider growing context
What grows across IllinoisGreenfield sits outside our named growing regions, so Illinois as a whole is its closest context here.
Nearby growing guides