Otsego County, in New York, sits in USDA hardiness zone 5b — enough range to grow cool-season vegetables, hardy fruit, and warm-season crops that mature before the first hard frost.
Growers here do well with cabbage, cranberry, lavender, and collard greens — with the usual caveat that any single yard's soil, sun, and drainage cast the deciding vote.
Otsego County lies within the Mohawk Valley — a regional growing area with its own character.
Grounded in USDA PHZM 2023 · Growable Ground suitability scoring · NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
Otsego County holds more than one microclimate.
Soils and elevations shift across Otsego County, so your frost dates and drainage aren't the county average. Enter your address and we'll score 1,086 plants against your land's actual soil, sun, and frost.
We read public map data around Otsego County — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
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Otsego County — the short answer
Otsego County, New York: USDA zone 5b, about 165 days between hard freezes, across 641K acres.
- USDA zone
- 5b
- USDA PHZM 2023
- Last hard freeze (28°F)
- May 5
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F
- First hard freeze (28°F)
- Oct 17
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F
- Days between freezes
- ~165
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F
- County area
- 641K acres
- US Census TIGER/Line 2025
Every figure names the dataset it came from. Hard-freeze dates are county 28°F normals: light frosts run a few weeks past them, and tender transplants usually wait 2–3 weeks after the last hard freeze.
Hardiness Zone Range
Zone 5b is Otsego County's average, not your lot's — a low corner or a tree line moves it. Against Otsego County's 165-day season, see what your own ground reads.
Heat in Otsego County
Across a year, Otsego County accumulates about 1,842 growing degree days above 50°F, about 394 fewer than the middle New York county — ahead of 9 of New York’s 62 counties. Degree days are the heat a crop actually gets to work with — more of them is more room to ripen a long-season crop before the freeze closes the window.
Grounded in PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University — 1991–2020 monthly normals
Soil in Otsego County
Across Otsego County, the ground is predominantly Inceptisols, where Mardin, Lordstown, and Mongaup are the most extensive named soil series. The soil is generally well drained with a channery silt loam surface. Topsoil pH runs about 5.3–6.0, moderately acidic. Rainfall drains through hydrologic group C soils.
Soil order
Inceptisols
Drainage
Well drained
Prime farmland
17%
Hydric soils
7%
Soil still varies lot by lot — soil types explained.
How the ground varies across Otsego County
The USDA soil survey maps 56% of Otsego County as well drained — but another 42% drains differently: 23% moderately well drained, 11% somewhat poorly drained.
Mardin is the most extensive named soil at 12% of mapped acres, then Lordstown (8%) and Mongaup (7%).
Which of them your own lot sits on is a parcel question, not a county one. Check your address for the survey at your boundary.
What this means for growing in Otsego County
Each reading below is measured for Otsego County itself — here is what it means for a garden here, and the move an experienced grower makes about it.
Drainage
MeasuredThe dominant soils across Otsego County are well drained, in hydrologic group C — ground that drains quickly.
The upside is soil you can work early in spring and roots that never drown; the cost is that fast-draining ground dries out fast and leaches nutrients away before plants can use them.
Work in compost and mulch to hold moisture and feed, and water more often in short doses than deep and rarely.
USDA NRCS SSURGO
Surface pH
MeasuredTopsoil across Otsego County runs about pH 5.3–6.0, on the acidic side.
Blueberries, potatoes, and rhododendrons thrive in it, but most vegetables start locking out nutrients below about pH 6.0 and grow pale and stunted no matter how much you feed them.
A measured lime application raises pH for the crops that need it — but test first, because the right rate depends on your own soil, not the county average.
USDA NRCS SSURGO
Season length
MeasuredOtsego County runs about 165 days between hard freezes — a moderate growing season.
There is room for the full run of cool-season crops plus a warm-season main crop, but the calendar is tight enough that a late spring or early fall frost still decides how much finishes.
Time warm-season transplants to your last hard freeze, and a few weeks of season extension turns a near-miss harvest into a sure one.
NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
Winter hardiness
MeasuredOtsego County sits in USDA hardiness zone 5b.
The zone sets which perennials, shrubs, and fruit trees live through an average winter here — a plant rated for a colder zone is a safe bet, one rated warmer needs winter protection or gets treated as an annual.
Match perennials and fruit to the zone before you buy, so nothing you plant is a gamble against the cold.
USDA PHZM 2023
The kind of country Otsego County is in
Otsego County spans 2 EPA Level III ecoregions — Northern Allegheny Plateau (91%) and Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands (9%). Which one your land falls in changes what grows wild there and how the ground behaves, and a county-wide answer cannot tell you which.
What Grows in Otsego County
We scored all 1,086 plants against Otsego County's own USDA zone 5b and its own 165-day season between hard freezes, using the same matching engine that runs a full parcel report. These cleared both. Sun, soil pH and drainage vary lot by lot — those are the parcel questions below. Each card opens that plant's New York profile.
Is it too late to plant in Otsego County?
Almost never — the real question is what to plant next. Cool-season crops can go in from around Apr 7; tender transplants wait until two to three weeks after the last 28°F hard freeze, which lands near May 5 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals); and from midsummer, planting counts back from the first fall freeze around Oct 17 — long-season crops need about 90 days of runway, quick greens only 30. Late in the year the fall bench takes over — quick greens, radishes, and garlic that repays you next summer.
Documented around Otsego County
Spotted lanternfly documented 2 miles from Otsego County, first recorded 2022. What to watch for.
- Japanese beetle1 documented records
- monarch butterfly307 documented records
Sighting records, so they follow observers as much as insects.
What gets applied to farmland in Otsego County
USGS estimates 22,707 lb of Metolachlor & Metolachlor-s on Otsego County farmland in 2019, its largest by weight, ahead of Metolachlor-s (18,633 lb) and Glyphosate (16,231 lb).
Farmland across the whole county, not any one lot. Check your address for the site-by-site record.
Safe to Grow Here?
What the federal record shows across Otsego County — and how to grow with it.
We checked the federal record across Otsego County — 479 documented sites across 7 of the 9 source types we track.
The most significant on record: 2 Superfund sites (none NPL-listed). Sites tracked in EPA's Superfund program — from assessment-stage CERCLIS entries to confirmed National Priorities List cleanup sites.
There's a meaningful federal record across Otsego County — worth a look before you plant food, not a reason to hold back from growing. Proximity to a documented site is information, not a diagnosis of any one yard. A soil test before new food beds is the sensible precaution here, and the map shows exactly which sites sit where, so you can see what's actually near you.
Sources: EPA, USGS — 1.8M documented sites tracked nationwide across 9 federal source types.
What's on the federal record near Otsego County
Closest first, across Otsego County. Listing isn't leaking, and distance isn't exposure.
- HARTWICK QUICKWAYUnderground Storage Tanks · 2.0 mi
- PHILLIPS LUMBER CO., INC.Underground Storage Tanks · 2.1 mi
- NYS ARC OTSEGO CHAPTERUnderground Storage Tanks · 2.3 mi
- JERRY WOODCAFO · 2.3 mi
- OG 316Nitrate · 2.3 mi
- C & O STORE____(CLOSED 8/85)Underground Storage Tanks · 2.3 mi
- TOWN OF HARTWICK BARNUnderground Storage Tanks · 2.3 mi
- OG 308Nitrate · 2.3 mi
- HARTWICK FIRE DEPT.Underground Storage Tanks · 2.4 mi
- HARTWICK SEMINARY SPECIALTY SERVICES - BASSETTUnderground Storage Tanks · 3.3 mi
- IRENE R. UTTERUnderground Storage Tanks · 3.3 mi
- OLD GAS STATIONUnderground Storage Tanks · 3.6 mi
6 more sites are on the record inside the same radius. See them on the map
Measured from Otsego County's center, not your beds. Run your own address for what's upwind of you specifically.
Environmental Intelligence
The counts behind that headline — every source type on the record near Otsego County.
Total Sites
479
across Otsego County
Risk Level
Elevated
Highest-severity
2 Superfund sites (none NPL-listed)
Sources Checked
across Otsego County
Severity Distribution
across Otsego County
Highest-Severity Sites
A note from Gnorman
What an experienced grower watches for around here
In and around Otsego County, two things run higher than the national average across Otsego County — CAFO (12 sites) and Underground Storage Tanks (310 sites). That's not a problem with your land — it's information about it.
CAFO: CAFOs pose a different contamination profile than chemical sources.
Underground Storage Tanks: Underground storage tanks are the single most common source of soil contamination near homes and gardens.
Wash all produce consumed raw thoroughly, especially leafy greens grown near CAFOs.
Use raised beds with imported soil — this eliminates the primary soil-contact pathway.
Check your specific parcel in Otsego County
Get exact proximity distances to contamination sources for your specific parcel — plus soil, sun, drainage, and 1,086 plant recommendations.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Otsego County average
Your land is one point inside Otsego County
Everything above resolves to Otsego County as a whole — one PHZM band and one county frost record, read across 641K acres. Your parcel is one point inside that footprint. Slope, tree cover, a low spot that pools cold air, and what is in the soil are all resolved at the address, and none of them are visible at county scale. That is the honest boundary of this page, and the reason the next step is a reading of your own ground rather than a better county average.
Your Lot vs the Otsego County Average
Otsego County Average
- ●USDA Zones 5b, averaged across Otsego County
- ●One soil character for all of Otsego County
- ●Frost dates read at Otsego County's scale: May 5 to Oct 17
YOUR Parcel
- ✓Your exact zone, not Otsego County's 5b
- ✓Your SSURGO soil type & pH
- ✓Your sun exposure, cast in 3D
See MY Growing Report
Read your parcel in Otsego County
Pull a site-specific report for your exact address in Otsego County, New York — soil, sun, drainage, frost risk, and scored plant recommendations.
Three things about your lot that Otsego County averages can't show:
We read public map data around Otsego County — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Otsego County average
How we know this about Otsego County
The datasets: hardiness from the USDA ARS Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023, read at county grain; hard-freeze dates from NOAA 1991–2020 28°F normals at this county’s own record where one resolves, and the labelled statewide window where none does; soils from the USDA NRCS SSURGO survey, area-weighted across the county’s own map units; boundaries and acreage from US Census TIGER/Line 2025; the contamination and pesticide records from the federal sources named in their beats above. Where Otsego County carries no record of its own, the figure is inherited and labelled — the resolution ledger below names each.
Common questions about Otsego County
When does frost risk typically end in Otsego County?
The last hard freeze (28°F) in Otsego County typically lands around May 5, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — earlier than the light-frost dates most charts quote. That marks the hard freeze, not the last light frost — lighter frosts keep biting past it, which is why tender transplants here wait until about May 26.
How long is the growing season in Otsego County?
Measured between 28°F hard freezes, Otsego County sees about 165 frost-free days — roughly May 5 through Oct 17, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals. Tender crops work a shorter one: nearer May 26 to Oct 3, about 130 days.
Is the soil safe to grow vegetables in Otsego County?
The federal record around Otsego County is a meaningful one — 479 documented sites, mostly Underground Storage Tanks entries (310), the nearest Underground Storage Tanks record about 2.0 miles out — so a soil test before new food beds is a sensible precaution here, not a reason to hold back from growing. Remember that proximity to a documented site is information, not a diagnosis of any one yard; the contamination map shows exactly what sits where.
Everything above is measured at Otsego County's scale — its 5b band and its 165-day season. Your yard writes its own version of Otsego County's numbers: we read soil, sun, drainage and frost at your exact address. Try it for 14 days — no card required.
Will It Grow Here?
Zone fit is the first question — each answer below reads New York's frost window, season length, and soil profile against the plant's real requirements.
What this page reads at Otsego County’s own scale
9 of the readings below were taken at Otsego County's own scale — its own ~165-day span between 28°F freezes, the 3 most extensive soil series mapped here and 479 documented sites inside its boundary; one is borrowed from a wider read, named and linked below.
Measured here
- Otsego County's own USDA hardiness band, zones 5bUSDA PHZM 2023
- Otsego County's own 28°F hard-freeze dates and its ~165-day span between themNOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
- The soil order, drainage, surface pH, and the 3 most extensive named soil series mapped in Otsego CountyUSDA NRCS SSURGO
- 479 documented contamination sites inside the county boundary, distance-sorted from its center — the closest Underground Storage Tanks record about 2.0 miles outFederal environmental registers
- Otsego County's boundary and the 641,111 acres inside itUS Census TIGER/Line 2025
- Which of 1,086 plants clear zones 5b and a ~165-day seasonGrowable Ground crop-matching engine
- The 2 ecoregions Otsego County spans, Northern Allegheny Plateau the largestUS EPA Level III Ecoregions
- Open occurrence records documented in Otsego County for 2 tracked speciesGBIF derived datasets (CC0 / CC BY 4.0)
- Which agricultural compounds go onto Otsego County farmland, and roughly how muchUSGS NAWQA EPest county estimates
Inherited from a wider read
- The growing challenges every New York grower plans around — written at state scale, so they stay on the state guidefrom New York
What this page can’t tell you
- How the season shifts across Otsego County — the ~165 days above is one reading at its centre; the 12 towns below each carry their owntowns in this county →
- The soil pH, drainage, sun hours, and frost pockets on any one lot among Otsego County's 641,111 acreswhy one lot differs from the next →
- Which of those 479 documented sites actually reaches your soil — that needs your address, the wind, and the groundwater directionhow we read the record →
- Where cold air settles, which slopes face the sun, and which way the wind runs on your own ground — none of it survives being averaged over Otsego Countyread your own land →