Echo, Minnesota, sits in USDA hardiness zone 4b — a band that supports both cool-season staples and warm-season crops chosen to fit the local frost window.
Growers here do well with cabbage, cranberry, turkish rocket, and collard greens — with the usual caveat that any single yard's soil, sun, and drainage cast the deciding vote.
Even in Echo, no two yards are alike.
A low spot, a south-facing slope, or a stand of trees moves the frost date and sun across a single Echo lot. Enter your address and we'll score 1,086 plants against your land's actual soil, sun, and frost.
We read public map data around Echo — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
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Echo — the short answer
Echo, Minnesota: USDA zone 4b, about 176 days between hard freezes, across 234 acres of city.
- USDA zone
- 4b
- USDA PHZM 2023
- Last hard freeze (28°F)
- Apr 20
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- First hard freeze (28°F)
- Oct 13
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- Days between freezes
- ~176
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- City area
- 234 acres
- US Census TIGER/Line 2025
Every figure names the dataset it came from. Hard-freeze dates are this town’s own 28°F normals: light frosts run a few weeks past them, and tender transplants usually wait 2–3 weeks after the last hard freeze.
Hardiness Zone Range
Zone 4b is Echo's average, not your lot's — a low corner or a tree line moves it. Against Echo's 176-day season, see what your own ground reads.
Soil varies lot by lot — soil types explained.
What this means for growing in Echo
Each reading below is measured for Echo itself — here is what it means for a garden here, and the move an experienced grower makes about it.
Season length
MeasuredEcho runs about 176 days between hard freezes — a moderate growing season.
There is room for the full run of cool-season crops plus a warm-season main crop, but the calendar is tight enough that a late spring or early fall frost still decides how much finishes.
Time warm-season transplants to your last hard freeze, and a few weeks of season extension turns a near-miss harvest into a sure one.
NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
Winter hardiness
MeasuredEcho sits in USDA hardiness zone 4b.
The zone sets which perennials, shrubs, and fruit trees live through an average winter here — a plant rated for a colder zone is a safe bet, one rated warmer needs winter protection or gets treated as an annual.
Match perennials and fruit to the zone before you buy, so nothing you plant is a gamble against the cold.
USDA PHZM 2023
The kind of country Echo is in
Echo sits in the Western Corn Belt Plains — EPA Level III, inside the wider Great Plains. That is read at Echo's own centroid rather than borrowed from Yellow Medicine County.
What Grows in Echo
Every plant below cleared Echo's own zone 4b and its 176-day season. Each card opens that plant's Minnesota profile. How we score.
Is it too late to plant in Echo?
For most of the year, no — what changes is which crops still fit the days remaining. Cool-season crops can go in from around Mar 23; tender transplants wait until two to three weeks after the last 28°F hard freeze, which lands near Apr 20 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals); and from midsummer, planting counts back from the first fall freeze around Oct 13 — long-season crops need about 90 days of runway, quick greens only 30. Late in the year the fall bench takes over — quick greens, radishes, and garlic that repays you next summer.
What's on the federal record near Echo
Closest first, within ~10 miles of Echo. Listing isn't leaking, and distance isn't exposure.
- 113N38W03CDB 01 Echo Vill 0000233084Nitrate · 450 ft
- Farmers Coop Oil Cenex Gas StationUnderground Storage Tanks · 1200 ft
- CHRIS'S BODY SHOPBrownfields · 1400 ft
- SCHROEDER FARMSBrownfields · 1.7 mi
- 113N38W08CCD 01 RemmeleNitrate · 2.4 mi
- JON BUSACK FARMCAFO · 2.5 mi
- Echo Decorating & DeliUnderground Storage Tanks · 2.6 mi
- PEDERSON PORK FARMCAFO · 3.0 mi
- 527726Nitrate · 3.1 mi
- 161637Nitrate · 3.5 mi
- PAUL KVISTAD POULTRYCAFO · 3.8 mi
- PARKVIEW HOMEBrownfields · 4.2 mi
6 more sites are on the record inside the same radius. See them on the map
Measured from Echo's center, not your beds. Run your own address for what's upwind of you specifically.
Environmental Intelligence
The counts behind that headline — every source type on the record near Echo.
Total Sites
88
within ~10 miles of Echo
Risk Level
Moderate
Highest-severity
11 concentrated animal feeding operations
Sources Checked
within ~10 miles of Echo
Severity Distribution
within ~10 miles of Echo
Highest-Severity Sites
A note from Gnorman
What an experienced grower watches for around here
In and around Echo, two things run higher than the national average within ~10 miles of Echo — CAFO (11 sites) and Nitrate (54 sites). Knowing it is half the work — and it's nothing a thoughtful grower can't plan for.
CAFO: CAFOs pose a different contamination profile than chemical sources.
Nitrate: Nitrate contamination primarily comes from agricultural fertilizer runoff and failing septic systems.
Wash all produce consumed raw thoroughly, especially leafy greens grown near CAFOs.
Test well water for nitrate if you rely on a private well for irrigation (EPA standard: 10 mg/L).
Check your specific parcel in Echo
Get exact proximity distances to contamination sources for your specific parcel — plus soil, sun, drainage, and 1,086 plant recommendations.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Echo average
Your land is one point inside Echo
Everything above resolves to Echo as a whole — one PHZM band and one 28°F frost record, read across 234 acres. Your parcel is one point inside that footprint. Slope, tree cover, a low spot that pools cold air, and what is in the soil are all resolved at the address, and none of them are visible at city scale. That is the honest boundary of this page, and the reason the next step is a reading of your own ground rather than a better local average.
Your Lot vs the Echo Average
Echo Average
- ●USDA Zones 4b, averaged across Echo
- ●One soil character for all of Echo
- ●Frost dates read at Echo's scale: Apr 20 to Oct 13
YOUR Parcel
- ✓Your exact zone, not Echo's 4b
- ✓Your SSURGO soil type & pH
- ✓Your sun exposure, cast in 3D
See MY Growing Report
Read your specific parcel in Echo
Pull a site-specific report for your exact address in Echo, Minnesota — soil, sun, drainage, frost risk, and scored plant recommendations.
Three things about your lot that Echo averages can't show:
We read public map data around Echo — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Echo average
How we know this about Echo
The datasets: hardiness from the USDA ARS Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023, read at this city’s own centroid; hard-freeze dates from NOAA 1991–2020 28°F normals at Echo’s own record; boundaries and acreage from US Census TIGER/Line 2025; the contamination records from the federal sources named in their beats above. Soil is not read at city grain anywhere on this page — there is no city-resolution survey in our data, which is why you will find no soil grid here rather than a statewide one wearing a local label. The resolution ledger below names every figure this page inherited.
Common questions about Echo
When does frost risk typically end in Echo?
The last hard freeze (28°F) in Echo typically lands around Apr 20, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — earlier than the light-frost dates most charts quote. That marks the hard freeze, not the last light frost — lighter frosts keep biting past it, which is why tender transplants here wait until about May 11.
When is the first frost in Echo?
The first hard freeze (28°F) in Echo typically arrives around Oct 13, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — the point tender summer crops finish. Lighter frosts run ahead of it, near Sep 29, so the watching starts about Sep 13 — about 176 days after the spring freeze cleared.
How long is the growing season in Echo?
Measured between 28°F hard freezes, Echo sees about 176 frost-free days — roughly Apr 20 through Oct 13, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals. Tender crops work a shorter one: nearer May 11 to Sep 29, about 141 days.
Is the soil safe to grow vegetables in Echo?
The federal record around Echo shows 88 documented sites, mostly Nitrate entries (54), the nearest Nitrate record under a tenth of a mile out — a typical footprint for a growing area, and proximity to a documented site is information, not a diagnosis of any one yard. It's worth seeing which recorded sites sit closest to where you grow, and testing the soil before new food beds near any of them.
How do I protect my plants from frost in Echo?
From about Sep 13 the job here turns from planting to protecting — the last start even a 30-day crop can finish. As the season closes around the first 28°F hard freeze near Oct 13 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals), three moves buy time: row cover or an old sheet over tender plants on still, clear nights; water the soil the afternoon before a freeze, so it holds warmth overnight; and harvest tomatoes, peppers and basil before Oct 13. Hardy greens and roots shrug off light frost and sweeten after it — leave them in.
Everything above is measured at Echo's scale — its 4b band and its 176-day season. Your yard writes its own version of Echo's numbers: we read soil, sun, drainage and frost at your exact address. Try it for 14 days — no card required.
What this page reads at Echo’s own scale
6 of the readings below were taken at Echo's own scale — its own ~176-day season between 28°F freezes, the 234 acres it covers and 88 documented sites around it; 4 are borrowed from a wider read, named and linked below.
Measured here
- Echo's own USDA hardiness band, zones 4bUSDA PHZM 2023
- Echo's own 28°F hard-freeze dates, about Apr 20 and Oct 13 and the ~176-day span between themNOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
- 88 documented contamination sites on the federal record near Echo, the closest Nitrate record under a tenth of a mile out from the town centreFederal environmental registers
- Echo's boundary and the 234 acres inside itUS Census TIGER/Line 2025
- Which of 1,086 plants clear zones 4b and a ~176-day seasonGrowable Ground crop-matching engine
- The ecoregion at Echo's own centroid, the Western Corn Belt PlainsUS EPA Level III Ecoregions
Inherited from a wider read
- Soil character — no town-scale survey exists, so Echo's 234 acres read through its county's SSURGO summaryfrom Yellow Medicine County
- Growing-degree days and winter chill — measured county-wide only, so the county page carries themfrom Yellow Medicine County
- The growing challenges every Minnesota grower plans around — written at state scale, so they stay on the state guidefrom Minnesota
- Butterfly and beetle records, and the farmland pesticide estimate — all published county-widefrom Yellow Medicine County
What this page can’t tell you
- The soil pH, drainage, sun hours, and frost pockets on any one lot among Echo's 234 acreswhy one lot differs from the next →
- Which side of Echo you're on — a low spot frosts first and a south wall warms early, and one normal is being asked to speak for all 234 acresreading your own microclimate →
- How close that record sits to YOUR lot — the closest Nitrate record under a tenth of a mile out, measured from the town centrehow we read the record →
- Where cold air settles, which slopes face the sun, and which way the wind runs on your own ground — measured at your address, and averaged away by any Echo-wide figureread your own land →
More in Minnesota
Wider growing context
What grows across MinnesotaEcho sits outside our named growing regions, so Minnesota as a whole is its closest context here.