Orono, Minnesota, sits in USDA hardiness zone 4b — a range where zone-matched perennials and frost-aware annual timing set what succeeds.
On paper, cabbage, cranberry, turkish rocket, and collard greens all suit these conditions — on the ground, soil, sun, and drainage make the final call.
Even in Orono, no two yards are alike.
A low spot, a south-facing slope, or a stand of trees moves the frost date and sun across a single Orono lot. Enter your address and we'll score 1,086 plants against your land's actual soil, sun, and frost.
We read public map data around Orono — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
No card required · your full report in seconds
Orono — the short answer
Orono, Minnesota: USDA zone 4b, about 193 days between hard freezes, across 10K acres of city.
- USDA zone
- 4b
- USDA PHZM 2023
- Last hard freeze (28°F)
- Apr 14
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- First hard freeze (28°F)
- Oct 24
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- Days between freezes
- ~193
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- City area
- 10K acres
- US Census TIGER/Line 2025
Every figure names the dataset it came from. Hard-freeze dates are this town’s own 28°F normals: light frosts run a few weeks past them, and tender transplants usually wait 2–3 weeks after the last hard freeze.
Hardiness Zone Range
Zone 4b is Orono's average, not your lot's — a low corner or a tree line moves it. Against Orono's 193-day season, see what your own ground reads.
Soil varies lot by lot — soil types explained.
What this means for growing in Orono
Each reading below is measured for Orono itself — here is what it means for a garden here, and the move an experienced grower makes about it.
Season length
MeasuredOrono runs about 193 days between hard freezes — a moderate growing season.
There is room for the full run of cool-season crops plus a warm-season main crop, but the calendar is tight enough that a late spring or early fall frost still decides how much finishes.
Time warm-season transplants to your last hard freeze, and a few weeks of season extension turns a near-miss harvest into a sure one.
NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
Winter hardiness
MeasuredOrono sits in USDA hardiness zone 4b.
The zone sets which perennials, shrubs, and fruit trees live through an average winter here — a plant rated for a colder zone is a safe bet, one rated warmer needs winter protection or gets treated as an annual.
Match perennials and fruit to the zone before you buy, so nothing you plant is a gamble against the cold.
USDA PHZM 2023
The kind of country Orono is in
Orono sits in the North Central Hardwood Forests — EPA Level III, inside the wider Eastern Temperate Forests. That is read at Orono's own centroid rather than borrowed from Hennepin County.
What Grows in Orono
Every plant below cleared Orono's own zone 4b and its 193-day season. Each card opens that plant's Minnesota profile. How we score.
Is it too late to plant in Orono?
Usually not — gardeners here simply switch what goes in the ground as the season moves. Cool-season crops can go in from around Mar 17; tender transplants wait until two to three weeks after the last 28°F hard freeze, which lands near Apr 14 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals); and from midsummer, planting counts back from the first fall freeze around Oct 24 — long-season crops need about 90 days of runway, quick greens only 30. The tail of the season still works: sixty-day crops into late summer, quick greens after, garlic last of all.
What's on the federal record near Orono
Closest first, within ~10 miles of Orono. Listing isn't leaking, and distance isn't exposure.
- MCES LIFT STATION L59Brownfields · 600 ft
- MINNETONKA CENTER FOR THE ARTSBrownfields · 0.7 mi
- North Shore MarinaUnderground Storage Tanks · 1.0 mi
- NORTH SHORE MARINABrownfields · 1.0 mi
- BACK TO THE FUTURE FURNITUREBrownfields · 1.1 mi
- MCES LIFT STATIONBrownfields · 1.1 mi
- Orono Lift Station #2 L-44Underground Storage Tanks · 1.1 mi
- WAYZATA MARINEBrownfields · 1.1 mi
- 149826Nitrate · 1.2 mi
- Crystal Bay ServiceUnderground Storage Tanks · 1.2 mi
- Lafayette Country ClubUnderground Storage Tanks · 1.3 mi
- 117N23W15CBB 01 Mika Beach 2Nitrate · 1.4 mi
6 more sites are on the record inside the same radius. See them on the map
Measured from Orono's center, not your beds. Run your own address for what's upwind of you specifically.
Environmental Intelligence
The counts behind that headline — every source type on the record near Orono.
Sources Checked
within ~10 miles of Orono
Severity Distribution
within ~10 miles of Orono
Highest-Severity Sites
A note from Gnorman
What an experienced grower watches for around here
In and around Orono, Brownfields runs higher than the national average — 2,091 sites within ~10 miles of Orono. That's not a problem with your land — it's information about it.
Brownfields: Brownfield sites are former commercial or industrial properties where legacy soil contamination (heavy metals, PAHs, petroleum compounds) may persist.
Check EPA brownfield remediation status — many sites have completed cleanup with institutional controls.
Check your specific parcel in Orono
Get exact proximity distances to contamination sources for your specific parcel — plus soil, sun, drainage, and 1,086 plant recommendations.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Orono average
Your land is one point inside Orono
Everything above resolves to Orono as a whole — one PHZM band and one 28°F frost record, read across 10K acres. Your parcel is one point inside that footprint. Slope, tree cover, a low spot that pools cold air, and what is in the soil are all resolved at the address, and none of them are visible at city scale. That is the honest boundary of this page, and the reason the next step is a reading of your own ground rather than a better local average.
Your Lot vs the Orono Average
Orono Average
- ●USDA Zones 4b, averaged across Orono
- ●One soil character for all of Orono
- ●Frost dates read at Orono's scale: Apr 14 to Oct 24
YOUR Parcel
- ✓Your exact zone, not Orono's 4b
- ✓Your SSURGO soil type & pH
- ✓Your sun exposure, cast in 3D
See MY Growing Report
Read your specific parcel in Orono
Pull a site-specific report for your exact address in Orono, Minnesota — soil, sun, drainage, frost risk, and scored plant recommendations.
Three things about your lot that Orono averages can't show:
We read public map data around Orono — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Orono average
How we know this about Orono
The datasets: hardiness from the USDA ARS Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023, read at this city’s own centroid; hard-freeze dates from NOAA 1991–2020 28°F normals at Orono’s own record; boundaries and acreage from US Census TIGER/Line 2025; the contamination records from the federal sources named in their beats above. Soil is not read at city grain anywhere on this page — there is no city-resolution survey in our data, which is why you will find no soil grid here rather than a statewide one wearing a local label. The resolution ledger below names every figure this page inherited.
Common questions about Orono
When does frost risk typically end in Orono?
The last hard freeze (28°F) in Orono typically lands around Apr 14, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — earlier than the light-frost dates most charts quote. That marks the hard freeze, not the last light frost — lighter frosts keep biting past it, which is why tender transplants here wait until about May 5.
When is the first frost in Orono?
The first hard freeze (28°F) in Orono typically arrives around Oct 24, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — the point tender summer crops finish. Lighter frosts run ahead of it, near Oct 10, so the watching starts about Sep 24 — about 193 days after the spring freeze cleared.
How long is the growing season in Orono?
Measured between 28°F hard freezes, Orono sees about 193 frost-free days — roughly Apr 14 through Oct 24, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals. Tender crops work a shorter one: nearer May 5 to Oct 10, about 158 days.
Is the soil safe to grow vegetables in Orono?
The federal record around Orono runs heavier than most — 2,838 documented sites, mostly Brownfields entries (2,091), the nearest Brownfields record about 0.1 miles out — so test the soil before planting food in the ground, and raised beds with clean imported soil grow well in the meantime. Even here, proximity to a documented site is information, not a diagnosis of any one yard; the contamination map shows exactly what's recorded and where.
How do I protect my plants from frost in Orono?
From about Sep 24 the job here turns from planting to protecting — the last start even a 30-day crop can finish. As the season closes around the first 28°F hard freeze near Oct 24 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals), three moves buy time: row cover or an old sheet over tender plants on still, clear nights; water the soil the afternoon before a freeze, so it holds warmth overnight; and harvest tomatoes, peppers and basil before Oct 24. Hardy greens and roots shrug off light frost and sweeten after it — leave them in.
Everything above is measured at Orono's scale — its 4b band and its 193-day season. Your yard writes its own version of Orono's numbers: we read soil, sun, drainage and frost at your exact address. Try it for 14 days — no card required.
What this page reads at Orono’s own scale
6 of the readings below were taken at Orono's own scale — its own ~193-day season between 28°F freezes, the 10,187 acres it covers and 2,838 documented sites around it; 4 are borrowed from a wider read, named and linked below.
Measured here
- Orono's own USDA hardiness band, zones 4bUSDA PHZM 2023
- Orono's own 28°F hard-freeze dates, about Apr 14 and Oct 24 and the ~193-day span between themNOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
- 2,838 documented contamination sites on the federal record near Orono, the closest Brownfields record about 0.1 miles out from the town centreFederal environmental registers
- Orono's boundary and the 10,187 acres inside itUS Census TIGER/Line 2025
- Which of 1,086 plants clear zones 4b and a ~193-day seasonGrowable Ground crop-matching engine
- The ecoregion at Orono's own centroid, the North Central Hardwood ForestsUS EPA Level III Ecoregions
Inherited from a wider read
- Soil character — no town-scale survey exists, so Orono's 10,187 acres read through its county's SSURGO summaryfrom Hennepin County
- Growing-degree days and winter chill — measured county-wide only, so the county page carries themfrom Hennepin County
- The growing challenges every Minnesota grower plans around — written at state scale, so they stay on the state guidefrom Minnesota
- Butterfly and beetle records, and the farmland pesticide estimate — all published county-widefrom Hennepin County
What this page can’t tell you
- The soil pH, drainage, sun hours, and frost pockets on any one lot among Orono's 10,187 acreswhy one lot differs from the next →
- Which side of Orono you're on — a low spot frosts first and a south wall warms early, and one normal is being asked to speak for all 10,187 acresreading your own microclimate →
- How close that record sits to YOUR lot — the closest Brownfields record about 0.1 miles out, measured from the town centrehow we read the record →
- Where cold air settles, which slopes face the sun, and which way the wind runs on your own ground — measured at your address, and averaged away by any Orono-wide figureread your own land →