Unlikely — Zone Mismatch
chiltepin pepper (zones 7-11) does not overlap with South Dakota's zone range (4a-5b). Growing outdoors is unlikely without significant protection.
2 zones short — what would close it
Chiltepin Pepper is hardy to zone 7, and the warmest ground in South Dakota is zone 5 — 2 zones short. Planted in open ground it will not survive a South Dakota winter. To grow it here, grow chiltepin pepper in an earth-sheltered greenhouse — its modeled 2.5-zone lift covers this gap.
An earth-sheltered greenhouse is the lift this needs. How a greenhouse changes what you can grow →
Zone math from 7-11 (plant) against 4-5 (South Dakota). Lift modeled by crop_engine.GREENHOUSE_ZONE_MODIFIER_BY_SUBTYPE['earth_sheltered'] (+2.5 zones) via api/fast_sections.py Unlock Engine v2.
Chiltepin Pepper in South Dakota — the short answer
Chiltepin Pepper in South Dakota: hardy in zones 7–11, full sun, against a state median of ~168 frost-free days.
- Plant zones
- 7-11
- Manual horticultural correction (source not retained); NC State Extension and Missouri Botanical Garden, with the remaining rows from other published sources or Growable Ground compilation
- South Dakota zones
- 4a-5b
- USDA PHZM 2023
- Frost window
- Apr 22 - Apr 29 – Oct 9 - Oct 15
- NOAA RCC ACIS 1991-2020, 28°F
- Shortest county season
- 145 days
- NOAA Regional Climate Centers ACIS, 1991-2020, county 28°F killing freeze
- Days to maturity
- 120 days
- Growable Ground Plant Database
Plant data: Growable Ground Plant Database, compiled from FAO ECOCROP, USDA PLANTS and university Extension sources — per-field provenance varies and is published with the dataset.
Your yard isn't the whole zone.
South Dakota spans zones 4a-5b, but your yard has its own microclimate — slope, trees, and low spots shift frost and sun across a single parcel. Enter your address and we'll score chiltepin pepper against your land's actual soil, sun, and frost.
We read public map data for this spot — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
No card required · your full report in seconds
South Dakota is not one climate
South Dakota’s winter-low ladder runs across 66 counties, from zone 4 in Brown County to zone 5.5 in Custer County. That is 15°F between the two counties’ average coldest night — the difference between chiltepin pepper overwintering in the ground and coming under cover.
The middle half of 66 counties runs 4.5–5 zones, with a median of 4.5 zones — a 1.5-zone span end to end.
Measured across 66 South Dakota counties. USDA PHZM 2023, per county. Quartiles are order statistics — every figure shown is a value a real county recorded, not an interpolation. Your own site sits somewhere inside this range; a parcel report resolves where.
Where Chiltepin Pepper Stands in South Dakota
Chiltepin Pepper is rated for zones 7–11 — a cold floor USDA puts at 0 to 10°F. No South Dakota county sits inside it, so in open ground this is a grown-under-cover plant here rather than a bed plant — which is a statement about South Dakota winters, not about chiltepin pepper.
Below the zone 7 floor
66 counties
- Brown County · zone 4a
- Marshall County · zone 4a
- Beadle County · zone 4b
3 of 66 shown
Winter cold is the limit here — the same plant works in a container that comes under cover.
County hardiness zones: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (PHZM) 2023, per county. A zone is a 10°F band of average annual extreme minimum temperature, so the floor above is the band the plant's rating denotes, not a single measured kill point. Slope, shelter and cold-air drainage routinely move a site half a zone either way from its county figure — which is the part only your address resolves.
Zone Comparison
Chiltepin Pepper Needs
- USDA Zones: 7-11
- Frost-Free Days: 60+
- Sun: Full Sun
- Mature size: 3 ft tall
- Picking window: ~60 days of harvest
- Drought tolerance: High
South Dakota Has
- USDA Zones: 4a-5b
- Last Hard Freeze (28°F): Apr 22 - Apr 29
- First Hard Freeze (28°F): Oct 9 - Oct 15
- Annual Rainfall: 14-26 inches
- Common Soils: Prairie loam, Clay, Sandy loam
Plant Zone Range (zones 7-11)
Preferred Soil pH
Plant data: Growable Ground Plant Database, compiled from FAO ECOCROP, USDA PLANTS, and university Extension sources — per-field provenance varies and is published with the dataset. State data: USDA ARS PHZM 2023, NOAA Climate Normals, NRCS SSURGO.
When to Plant Chiltepin Pepper in South Dakota
The frost window
Across South Dakota, the last spring hard freeze (28°F) clears between Apr 22 and Apr 29, and the first fall hard freeze lands between Oct 9 and Oct 15 (NOAA Regional Climate Centers ACIS, 1991-2020). Counting from the latest last freeze to the earliest first freeze, that's a 163-day window you can count on — up to 176 days on a mild site in a kind year. That marks the hard freeze, not the last light frost, so tender transplants usually wait another 2-3 weeks.
When to start the seed
Those dates are when chiltepin pepper goes out, not when it starts. It is sown under cover about 10 weeks ahead, so counting back from South Dakota's late-side last freeze of Apr 29 is what fixes your sowing date — and a yard that clears frost earlier than the state's late date starts earlier still.
Days to maturity vs. the window
At 120 days to maturity (Growable Ground Plant Database), counting from the last hard freeze it ripens with 43 days to spare even in South Dakota's tightest freeze scenario — room for a later start or a second sowing.
Timing tuned to sub-state frost dates — Lawrence County, not the statewide average.
Frost window: NOAA Climate Normals 1991-2020. Plant timing fields: Growable Ground Plant Database — frost-free days from FAO ECOCROP, days to harvest from university Extension production guides, and growing-degree-day and chill-hour minimums that are compilation estimates rather than published figures. Your site's own frost dates can run earlier or later than the state range — a parcel report pins them down.
Growing Season Fit
The zone check says chiltepin pepper does not survive a South Dakota winter in the ground. The season figures below measure a different question — whether it could finish a season here at all — and they only bear on South Dakota under protection.
Frost-free days
Chiltepin Pepper wants 60+ frost-free days; a typical South Dakota site sees ~168 (NOAA Regional Climate Centers ACIS, 1991-2020). That leaves comfortable headroom for succession planting.
Growing degree days
Chiltepin Pepper needs ~2500 GDD (base 50°F) to ripen. The state median runs ~2356 GDD (from PRISM 1991-2020 climate normals), so South Dakota's typical season runs short on heat — pick a south-facing site and consider season extension.
GDD and chill-hour figures are computed from PRISM 1991-2020 monthly climate normals; frost-free days from NOAA Regional Climate Centers ACIS, 1991-2020. Each is the state median across its counties (P25/P75 span the within-state spread). Hardiness-zone range is USDA PHZM 2023.
Soil + Drainage Fit
Chiltepin Pepper likes near-neutral soil (pH 4.5-7). That's the common-ground band across South Dakota's prairie loam and clay — a soil test confirms it for your site. It will grow across that whole span, but it does best between pH 5.5 and 6.8 — worth knowing before you decide whether a South Dakota soil test result is a problem or just a number. Drainage matters: this plant wants well (dry spells). If your South Dakota site is heavier clay or sits in a low spot, raised beds or amendment with compost solve it.
Your land, not the state average
South Dakota's soils run mostly loam, but SSURGO maps the series, texture, and drainage under your exact parcel. Chiltepin Pepper needs about 19 inches of workable depth, so it is that horizon — not the surface — you are testing for. That map unit, not the state average, decides how chiltepin pepper performs.
Check your parcel → Source: USDA NRCS SSURGO.
Plant pH requirements: FAO ECOCROP and USDA PLANTS, with the remaining rows from other published sources or Growable Ground compilation. Drainage: FAO ECOCROP, with the remaining rows from other published sources or Growable Ground compilation. South Dakota soil profile from USDA NRCS SSURGO. Site-specific verification: a 30-minute soil test from your local Extension lab.
Before you plant chiltepin pepper for food
Anything you grow to eat takes up what is in the ground it grows in, so what is on record near you is worth knowing before chiltepin pepper goes in. What follows is South Dakota’s documented federal record at state scale — a screening signal, not a soil test, and not a statement about any one lot.
Safe to Grow Here?
What the federal record shows across South Dakota — and how to grow with it.
We checked the federal record across South Dakota — 14,627 documented sites across 8 of the 9 source types we track.
The most significant on record: 45 Superfund sites. Sites tracked in EPA's Superfund program — from assessment-stage CERCLIS entries to confirmed National Priorities List cleanup sites.
South Dakota carries one of the heavier federal records we track — and that's not a verdict on your yard. Proximity to a documented site is information, not a diagnosis: nothing here says any particular parcel is affected. It does earn one concrete step — before food beds go in the ground, a professional soil test tells you exactly what you're working with, and raised beds with clean imported soil grow well almost anywhere in the meantime.
Sources Checked
across South Dakota
Severity Distribution
across South Dakota
Highest-Severity Sites
A note from Gnorman
What an experienced grower watches for around here
In and around South Dakota, Nitrate runs higher than the national average — 9,282 sites across South Dakota. It's not cause for alarm — it's worth knowing, and there's a sensible way to grow around it.
Nitrate: Nitrate contamination primarily comes from agricultural fertilizer runoff and failing septic systems.
Test well water for nitrate if you rely on a private well for irrigation (EPA standard: 10 mg/L).
Sources: EPA, USGS — 1.8M documented sites tracked nationwide across 9 federal source types.
What Else to Consider for Chiltepin Pepper in South Dakota
Zone compatibility tells you about winter cold survival — but South Dakota growers also need to think about:
Extreme cold and short growing season
Low rainfall in western SD
Wind exposure on the open prairie
Growing chiltepin pepper here specifically
Chiltepin Pepper needs pH 4.5–7.0; South Dakota's dominant loam soils may or may not deliver that, so your parcel's SSURGO map unit is the real test.
Start with a soil test on your own ground and adjust pH and texture to fit chiltepin pepper's 4.5–7.0 range. How to handle it →
What to actually do about these — and the constraints that apply to every South Dakota grower, not just chiltepin pepper — is covered on the South Dakota growing guide.
Timing shifts within South Dakota
South Dakota isn't one climate. In Lawrence County, the last hard freeze (28°F) holds until about May 12 — roughly 17 days later than the recorded state median — so plant chiltepin pepper to your county's window, not the statewide date.
Chiltepin Pepper needs about 60 days of frost-free season to complete its cycle. Even Lawrence County — South Dakota’s shortest season at 145 frost-free days — clears that by 85 days, so season length isn’t the constraint anywhere in South Dakota. What varies is your own parcel.
County last-freeze dates and frost-free day counts: NOAA Regional Climate Centers ACIS (1991-2020), county 28°F freeze (earlier than the folk 32°F "last frost"). Chiltepin Pepper's 60-day requirement: USDA PLANTS / Growable Ground plant database (minimum frost-free days). A parcel report resolves your address's own frost dates.
Pollinator + Wildlife Value
Chiltepin Pepper draws honeybees and native bees (low value, Growable Ground Plant Database). Planting it near vegetable beds can lift fruit set on neighboring crops. Outdoors, chiltepin pepper can only work that bloom inside South Dakota's frost window — roughly 168 days, opening after the last 28°F freeze (Apr 22 - Apr 29) and closing at the first (Oct 9 - Oct 15), per NOAA Regional Climate Centers ACIS, 1991-2020.
South Dakota Cooperative Extension
For South Dakota-specific cultivar recommendations, planting calendars, and pest pressure for chiltepin pepper, the canonical source is SDSU Extension. Their fact sheets carry the local trial data we can't generalize across 50 states.
Common Questions About Growing Chiltepin Pepper in South Dakota
When can I plant Chiltepin Pepper in South Dakota?
South Dakota's last spring hard freeze (28°F) clears between Apr 22 and Apr 29, and the first fall hard freeze lands between Oct 9 and Oct 15 (NOAA Regional Climate Centers ACIS, 1991-2020). Time outdoor planting to after the last hard freeze for your specific site — a further two to three weeks for anything tender — and count back from those dates for transplant scheduling.
Can Chiltepin Pepper mature before first frost in South Dakota?
Yes — Chiltepin Pepper matures in 120 days (Growable Ground Plant Database), and South Dakota's dependable hard-freeze-free window runs 163 days (NOAA Regional Climate Centers ACIS, 1991-2020), leaving 43 days of margin. Plant once the last hard freeze has passed — two to three weeks later for anything tender — and it ripens ahead of the first fall freeze.
What hardiness zone is Chiltepin Pepper grown in across South Dakota?
South Dakota spans USDA hardiness zones 4a-5b (USDA ARS PHZM 2023). Chiltepin Pepper carries a range of zones 7-11, so the overlap zones are where outdoor growing is most reliable.
How many frost-free days does a typical South Dakota site have?
A typical South Dakota site sees ~168 frost-free days per year (derived from NOAA Regional Climate Centers ACIS, 1991-2020). Chiltepin Pepper needs 60+ frost-free days, so check whether your local microclimate runs above or below the state average before settling on a planting date. In cooler counties like Lawrence, the freeze-free season runs shorter than the state average, so verify your own county's window.
How should I amend the soil for Chiltepin Pepper in South Dakota?
Chiltepin Pepper prefers pH 4.5-7 and well (dry spells) drainage (FAO ECOCROP). That sits in the common-ground band across South Dakota soils — a 30-minute soil test from a local Extension lab confirms it for your specific site.
Will Chiltepin Pepper actually grow on my specific land in South Dakota?
State-level zone + climate data is a sketch. A Growable Ground parcel report scores chiltepin pepper against your address's exact soil pH, drainage, sun, and frost-date data drawn from USDA SSURGO, NOAA, and PRISM — not state averages.
Check your specific parcel in South Dakota
State-level data is a sketch. Your Growable Ground report scores chiltepin pepper against your parcel's exact soil, sun, drainage, and frost data — not zone averages.
Three things about your lot that South Dakota chiltepin pepper averages can't show:
We read public map data around South Dakota — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the South Dakota chiltepin pepper average
Explore More
Growing guides for chiltepin pepper
Explore South Dakota county by county
South Dakota carries 66 counties with their own USDA zone — a sample of the growing pages for chiltepin pepper there:
Where else chiltepin pepper grows
Chiltepin Pepper's zone band crosses state lines — these are the states closest to South Dakota in winter climate where it also has a page, plus the far ends of its range. Each one re-answers the question with that state's own record.
More to grow in South Dakota
South Dakota has a growing page for 747 plants — a rotating sample of the rest of the shelf.
Analysis by the Growable Ground research team, grounded in USDA PLANTS, USDA NRCS SSURGO, NOAA Climate Normals (1991-2020), and named Cooperative Extension sources. How we know →
Cite this dataset
Kirchick, M. (2026). Growable Ground Plant Database [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21435643
Licensed CC BY-NC 4.0. DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21435643
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