Yes — Strong Match
epazote is grown as an annual, so season length decides it here, not a winter zone — and Pennsylvania's typical season runs ~197 frost-free days against the ~60 epazote needs.
Sow by about Sep 4
Epazote is grown as an annual, so what decides it here is season length, not a winter zone. It needs about 60 frost-free days and a typical Pennsylvania season runs ~197 frost-free days, leaving 137 days of slack. That is room to sow as late as about Sep 4 and still finish before the usual first freeze (Oct 29), or to run a second succession.
Want more weeks at either end of that window? How to buy the weeks →
60 frost-free days required against Pennsylvania’s ~197-day season. NOAA Regional Climate Centers ACIS 1991-2020 (28°F killing freeze), state median across counties, via stateClimateData.ts.
Your yard isn't the whole zone.
Epazote is grown as an annual, so your winter zone isn't the deciding factor — your frost-free window is. A typical Pennsylvania site runs ~197 frost-free days, but that is a state median, not your yard: slope, trees, and low spots move the last-frost date across a single parcel. Enter your address and we'll score epazote against your land's actual frost dates, sun, and soil.
We read public map data for this spot — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
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Zone Comparison
Epazote Needs
- USDA Zones: Data pending
- Frost-Free Days: 60+
- Sun: Full Sun
- Mature size: 3.3 ft tall
- Picking window: ~60 days of harvest
- Drought tolerance: Medium
Pennsylvania Has
- USDA Zones: 5b-8a
- Last Hard Freeze (28°F): Apr 6 - Apr 24
- First Hard Freeze (28°F): Oct 25 - Nov 3
- Annual Rainfall: 36-48 inches
- Common Soils: Silt loam, Shale-derived, Limestone-derived
Preferred Soil pH
Plant data: USDA PLANTS Database / Growable Ground plant catalog. State data: USDA ARS PHZM 2023, NOAA Climate Normals, NRCS SSURGO.
When to Plant Epazote in Pennsylvania
The frost window
Across Pennsylvania, the last spring hard freeze (28°F) clears between Apr 6 and Apr 24, and the first fall hard freeze lands between Oct 25 and Nov 3 (NOAA Regional Climate Centers ACIS, 1991-2020). Counting from the latest last freeze to the earliest first freeze, that's a 184-day window you can count on — up to 211 days on a mild site in a kind year. That marks the hard freeze, not the last light frost, so tender transplants usually wait another 2-3 weeks.
When to start the seed
Epazote is direct-sown where it grows rather than started under cover, so there is no seed-tray head start to bank — Pennsylvania's dates above are the whole calendar for it. That makes the last-freeze date the binding constraint, and a warmer pocket of your own yard is worth more to this crop than it is to a transplanted one.
Days to maturity vs. the window
At 55 days to maturity (USDA PLANTS Database), counting from the last hard freeze it ripens with 129 days to spare even in Pennsylvania's tightest freeze scenario — room for a later start or a second sowing.
Timing tuned to sub-state frost dates — Potter County, not the statewide average.
Frost window: NOAA Climate Normals 1991-2020. Plant timing fields: USDA PLANTS Database. Your site's own frost dates can run earlier or later than the state range — a parcel report pins them down.
Growing Season Fit
Frost-free days
Epazote wants 60+ frost-free days; a typical Pennsylvania site sees ~197 (NOAA Regional Climate Centers ACIS, 1991-2020). That leaves comfortable headroom for succession planting.
Growing degree days
Epazote needs ~1200 GDD (base 50°F) to ripen. The state median runs ~2447 GDD (from PRISM 1991-2020 climate normals), so Pennsylvania's typical season clears that easily.
GDD and chill-hour figures are computed from PRISM 1991-2020 monthly climate normals; frost-free days from NOAA Regional Climate Centers ACIS, 1991-2020. Each is the state median across its counties (P25/P75 span the within-state spread). Hardiness-zone range is USDA PHZM 2023.
Soil + Drainage Fit
Epazote likes near-neutral soil (pH 5.5-8). That's the common-ground band across Pennsylvania's silt loam and shale-derived — a soil test confirms it for your site. It will grow across that whole span, but it does best between pH 6 and 7.5 — worth knowing before you decide whether a Pennsylvania soil test result is a problem or just a number. Drainage matters: this plant wants well (dry spells). If your Pennsylvania site is heavier clay or sits in a low spot, raised beds or amendment with compost solve it.
Your land, not the state average
Pennsylvania's soils run mostly silt loam, but SSURGO maps the series, texture, and drainage under your exact parcel. What matters for epazote is the horizon its roots actually work, not the surface. That map unit, not the state average, decides how epazote performs.
Check your parcel → Source: USDA NRCS SSURGO.
Plant pH and drainage requirements from USDA PLANTS Database. Pennsylvania soil profile from USDA NRCS SSURGO. Site-specific verification: a 30-minute soil test from your local Extension lab.
Epazote in Pennsylvania — Quick Answer
- Verdict: Yes — Strong Match
- Plant Zones: Data pending (USDA PLANTS Database)
- State Zones: 5b-8a (USDA ARS PHZM 2023)
- Growing Season: 28°F hard freezes about Apr 6 - Apr 24 to Oct 25 - Nov 3 (NOAA Regional Climate Centers ACIS, 1991-2020)
- Days to Maturity: 55 days
What Else to Consider for Epazote in Pennsylvania
Zone compatibility tells you about winter cold survival — but Pennsylvania growers also need to think about:
Rocky shale soils in the ridge-and-valley region
Short mountain seasons in the Poconos and Alleghenies
Deer pressure is among the highest in the US
Growing epazote here specifically
Epazote needs pH 5.5–8.0; Pennsylvania's dominant silt loam soils may or may not deliver that, so your parcel's SSURGO map unit is the real test.
Start with a soil test on your own ground and adjust pH and texture to fit epazote's 5.5–8.0 range. How to handle it →
What to actually do about these — and the constraints that apply to every Pennsylvania grower, not just epazote — is covered on the Pennsylvania growing guide.
Timing shifts within Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania isn't one climate. In Potter County, the last hard freeze (28°F) holds until about May 5 — roughly 21 days later than the recorded state median — so plant epazote to your county's window, not the statewide date.
Epazote needs about 60 days of frost-free season to complete its cycle. Even Potter County — Pennsylvania’s shortest season at 160 frost-free days — clears that by 100 days, so season length isn’t the constraint anywhere in Pennsylvania. What varies is your own parcel.
Across Pennsylvania’s 67 counties the frost-free season runs from 160 days in Potter County to 250 days in Philadelphia County — a spread of 90 days, which is why a single statewide planting date misleads. The median Pennsylvania county sees 197 frost-free days, leaving epazote about 137 days of slack on a typical parcel — room for a second sowing where the season runs long.
County last-freeze dates and frost-free day counts: NOAA Regional Climate Centers ACIS (1991-2020), county 28°F freeze (earlier than the folk 32°F "last frost"). Epazote's 60-day requirement: USDA PLANTS / Growable Ground plant database (minimum frost-free days). A parcel report resolves your address's own frost dates.
Good to Know Before You Plant Epazote
Epazote is listed as toxic to dogs, cats (all) at a moderate level (Cornell). Most listed plants only cause brief upset — a raised bed or a fenced corner usually keeps curious pets clear. Worth knowing for placement: in Pennsylvania this is a one-season plant and the first hard freeze (Oct 25 - Nov 3) takes it down, so the exposure above is a summer-long one rather than something standing in the bed all year.
Recommended Epazote Varieties for Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania publishes no state variety trial for epazote, so we won't invent a "best for Pennsylvania" list. Choose types rated to your USDA hardiness zone (5b-8a), and confirm winter survival and drainage against your own parcel.
Pennsylvania Cooperative Extension
For Pennsylvania-specific cultivar recommendations, planting calendars, and pest pressure for epazote, the canonical source is Penn State Extension. Their fact sheets carry the local trial data we can't generalize across 50 states.
Is Epazote native to Pennsylvania?
No — the USDA PLANTS Database lists Epazote as introduced rather than native in the Lower 48, so it is not part of Pennsylvania's native flora. It grows here as a garden plant; pairing it with a few Pennsylvania natives keeps local pollinators fed too.
Looking for plants that belong here? The Pennsylvania growing guide lists USDA-documented natives for the state.
Native-range data: USDA PLANTS Database state-distribution records, accessed 2026-07-01.
Common Questions About Growing Epazote in Pennsylvania
When can I plant Epazote in Pennsylvania?
Pennsylvania's last spring hard freeze (28°F) clears between Apr 6 and Apr 24, and the first fall hard freeze lands between Oct 25 and Nov 3 (NOAA Regional Climate Centers ACIS, 1991-2020). Time outdoor planting to after the last hard freeze for your specific site — a further two to three weeks for anything tender — and count back from those dates for transplant scheduling.
Can Epazote mature before first frost in Pennsylvania?
Yes — Epazote matures in 55 days (USDA PLANTS Database), and Pennsylvania's dependable hard-freeze-free window runs 184 days (NOAA Regional Climate Centers ACIS, 1991-2020), leaving 129 days of margin. Plant once the last hard freeze has passed — two to three weeks later for anything tender — and it ripens ahead of the first fall freeze.
What hardiness zone is Epazote grown in across Pennsylvania?
Pennsylvania spans USDA hardiness zones 5b-8a (USDA ARS PHZM 2023). Epazote carries a range of zones Data pending, so the overlap zones are where outdoor growing is most reliable.
How many frost-free days does a typical Pennsylvania site have?
A typical Pennsylvania site sees ~197 frost-free days per year (derived from NOAA Regional Climate Centers ACIS, 1991-2020). Epazote needs 60+ frost-free days, so check whether your local microclimate runs above or below the state average before settling on a planting date. In cooler counties like Potter, the freeze-free season runs shorter than the state average, so verify your own county's window.
Is Epazote native to Pennsylvania?
No — the USDA PLANTS Database lists Epazote as introduced rather than native in the Lower 48, so it is not part of Pennsylvania's native flora. It grows here as a garden plant; pairing it with a few Pennsylvania natives keeps local pollinators fed too.
How should I amend the soil for Epazote in Pennsylvania?
Epazote prefers pH 5.5-8 and well (dry spells) drainage (Growable Ground Plant Database). That sits in the common-ground band across Pennsylvania soils — a 30-minute soil test from a local Extension lab confirms it for your specific site.
Will Epazote actually grow on my specific land in Pennsylvania?
State-level zone + climate data is a sketch. A Growable Ground parcel report scores epazote against your address's exact soil pH, drainage, sun, and frost-date data drawn from USDA SSURGO, NOAA, and PRISM — not state averages.
Check your specific parcel in Pennsylvania
State-level data is a sketch. Your Growable Ground report scores epazote against your parcel's exact soil, sun, drainage, and frost data — not zone averages.
Three things about your lot that Pennsylvania epazote averages can't show:
We read public map data around Pennsylvania — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Pennsylvania epazote average
Explore More
Growing guides for epazote
Analysis by the Growable Ground research team, grounded in USDA PLANTS, USDA NRCS SSURGO, NOAA Climate Normals (1991-2020), and named Cooperative Extension sources. How we know →
Cite this dataset
Kirchick, M. (2026). Growable Ground Plant Database [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21435643
Licensed CC BY-NC 4.0. DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21435643
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