Adair County, in Iowa, sits in USDA hardiness zone 5b — a zone band wide enough that plant choice, not possibility, is the interesting question.
These conditions suit cabbage, cranberry, lavender, and collard greens — a starting list any specific site will trim or extend with its own soil, sun, and drainage.
Grounded in USDA PHZM 2023 · Growable Ground suitability scoring · NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
Adair County holds more than one microclimate.
Soils and elevations shift across Adair County, so your frost dates and drainage aren't the county average. Enter your address and we'll score 1,086 plants against your land's actual soil, sun, and frost.
We read public map data around Adair County — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
No card required · your full report in seconds
Adair County — the short answer
Adair County, Iowa: USDA zone 5b, about 198 days between hard freezes, across 364K acres.
- USDA zone
- 5b
- USDA PHZM 2023
- Last hard freeze (28°F)
- Apr 8
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F
- First hard freeze (28°F)
- Oct 23
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F
- Days between freezes
- ~198
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F
- County area
- 364K acres
- US Census TIGER/Line 2025
Every figure names the dataset it came from. Hard-freeze dates are county 28°F normals: light frosts run a few weeks past them, and tender transplants usually wait 2–3 weeks after the last hard freeze.
Hardiness Zone Range
Zone 5b is Adair County's average, not your lot's — a low corner or a tree line moves it. Against Adair County's 198-day season, see what your own ground reads.
Heat in Adair County
Across a year, Adair County accumulates about 2,959 growing degree days above 50°F, about 215 more than the middle Iowa county — ahead of 71 of Iowa’s 99 counties. Degree days are the heat a crop actually gets to work with — more of them is more room to ripen a long-season crop before the freeze closes the window.
Grounded in PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University — 1991–2020 monthly normals
Soil in Adair County
Across Adair County, the ground is predominantly Alfisols, where Sharpsburg, Colo, and Ely are the most extensive named soil series. The soil is generally moderately well drained with a silty clay loam surface. Topsoil pH runs about 6.2–6.4, slightly acidic. Rainfall drains through hydrologic group C soils.
Soil order
Alfisols
Drainage
Moderately well drained
Prime farmland
16%
Hydric soils
20%
Soil still varies lot by lot — soil types explained.
How the ground varies across Adair County
The USDA soil survey maps 40% of Adair County as moderately well drained — but another 59% drains differently: 25% poorly drained, 22% well drained.
Sharpsburg is the most extensive named soil at 17% of mapped acres, then Colo (12%) and Ely (6%).
Which of them your own lot sits on is a parcel question, not a county one. Check your address for the survey at your boundary.
What this means for growing in Adair County
Each reading below is measured for Adair County itself — here is what it means for a garden here, and the move an experienced grower makes about it.
Drainage
MeasuredThe dominant soils across Adair County are moderately well drained, in hydrologic group C — roughly the middle of the drainage range.
This is close to the middle most vegetables prefer: it holds enough water to carry a crop between rains without staying waterlogged. The catch is that a wet spring or a low corner can still tip it soggy.
Plant on the site as-is for most crops, but keep the lowest, slowest-draining beds for moisture-tolerant plantings.
USDA NRCS SSURGO
Surface pH
MeasuredTopsoil across Adair County runs about pH 6.2–6.4, close to neutral.
This is the range most vegetables prefer — one correction you probably do not have to make, which is genuinely good news for a new bed.
Keep it there with compost rather than lime or sulfur, and only amend if your own soil test says otherwise.
USDA NRCS SSURGO
Wet ground
MeasuredAbout 20% of Adair County is mapped as hydric — wetland — soil.
If your lot falls in one of those pockets, a standard in-ground bed will fight waterlogging all season, and roots that need air will struggle.
Check how your own ground drains before you dig; raised beds or moisture-loving plantings turn a wet corner from a problem into a niche.
USDA NRCS SSURGO
Season length
MeasuredAdair County runs about 198 days between hard freezes — a moderate growing season.
There is room for the full run of cool-season crops plus a warm-season main crop, but the calendar is tight enough that a late spring or early fall frost still decides how much finishes.
Time warm-season transplants to your last hard freeze, and a few weeks of season extension turns a near-miss harvest into a sure one.
NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
The kind of country Adair County is in
Adair County sits in the Western Corn Belt Plains — EPA Level III, inside the wider Great Plains. One consistent ecological setting across the whole county.
What Grows in Adair County
We scored all 1,086 plants against Adair County's own USDA zone 5b and its own 198-day season between hard freezes, using the same matching engine that runs a full parcel report. These cleared both. Sun, soil pH and drainage vary lot by lot — those are the parcel questions below. Each card opens that plant's Iowa profile.
Is it too late to plant in Adair County?
Rarely: the season closes in stages, not all at once, and each stage has its crops. Cool-season crops can go in from around Mar 11; tender transplants wait until two to three weeks after the last 28°F hard freeze, which lands near Apr 8 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals); and from midsummer, planting counts back from the first fall freeze around Oct 23 — long-season crops need about 90 days of runway, quick greens only 30. Late in the year the fall bench takes over — quick greens, radishes, and garlic that repays you next summer.
Documented around Adair County
- monarch butterfly45 documented records
Sighting records, so they follow observers as much as insects.
What gets applied to farmland in Adair County
USGS estimates 206,751 lb of Glyphosate on Adair County farmland in 2019, its largest by weight, ahead of Atrazine (76,780 lb) and Metolachlor & Metolachlor-s (73,794 lb).
Farmland across the whole county, not any one lot. Check your address for the site-by-site record.
Safe to Grow Here?
What the federal record shows across Adair County — and how to grow with it.
We checked the federal record across Adair County — 105 documented sites across 5 of the 9 source types we track.
The most significant on record: 3 Toxics Release Inventory facilities. Active industrial facilities reporting chemical releases to air, water, and land.
The federal record across Adair County is a modest one — a typical footprint for a growing area. Nothing here calls for alarm; it's worth knowing which recorded sites sit closest to where you grow, and each one on the map carries its type and location. If one turns out to be a near neighbor, a one-time soil test settles the question.
Sources: EPA, USGS — 1.8M documented sites tracked nationwide across 9 federal source types.
What's on the federal record near Adair County
Closest first, across Adair County. Listing isn't leaking, and distance isn't exposure.
- RAMSEY SERVICEUnderground Storage Tanks · 2100 ft
- G & H FREIGHTLINES INCUnderground Storage Tanks · 1.4 mi
- QUAD/GREENFIELD LLCToxics Release Inventory · 1.5 mi
- QUAD/GREENFIELD LLCBrownfields · 1.5 mi
- SIEGWERK INCUnderground Storage Tanks · 1.5 mi
- CARDINAL INSULATED GLASS COBrownfields · 1.6 mi
- CARDINAL GLASSToxics Release Inventory · 1.6 mi
- SCHILDBERG CONSTRUCTIONUnderground Storage Tanks · 1.7 mi
- GARSIDE AUTO BODY INCBrownfields · 1.8 mi
- GREENFIELD IMPLEMENT COMPANYBrownfields · 1.8 mi
- WALLACE AUTOBrownfields · 1.8 mi
- GREENFIELD OIL COMPANYUnderground Storage Tanks · 1.8 mi
6 more sites are on the record inside the same radius. See them on the map
Measured from Adair County's center, not your beds. Run your own address for what's upwind of you specifically.
Environmental Intelligence
The counts behind that headline — every source type on the record near Adair County.
Total Sites
105
across Adair County
Risk Level
Moderate
Highest-severity
3 Toxics Release Inventory facilities
Sources Checked
across Adair County
Severity Distribution
across Adair County
Highest-Severity Sites
Know Before You Grow
- •Underground tanks leak petroleum as they age — near a former filling station, test the soil.
- •On a private well, test for nitrates: above 10 mg/L the water needs treatment before irrigating.
- •Near a brownfield, raised beds of imported soil give your food clean ground.
Check your specific parcel in Adair County
Get exact proximity distances to contamination sources for your specific parcel — plus soil, sun, drainage, and 1,086 plant recommendations.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Adair County average
Your land is one point inside Adair County
Everything above resolves to Adair County as a whole — one PHZM band and one county frost record, read across 364K acres. Your parcel is one point inside that footprint. Slope, tree cover, a low spot that pools cold air, and what is in the soil are all resolved at the address, and none of them are visible at county scale. That is the honest boundary of this page, and the reason the next step is a reading of your own ground rather than a better county average.
Your Lot vs the Adair County Average
Adair County Average
- ●USDA Zones 5b, averaged across Adair County
- ●One soil character for all of Adair County
- ●Frost dates read at Adair County's scale: Apr 8 to Oct 23
YOUR Parcel
- ✓Your exact zone, not Adair County's 5b
- ✓Your SSURGO soil type & pH
- ✓Your sun exposure, cast in 3D
See MY Growing Report
Read your parcel in Adair County
Pull a site-specific report for your exact address in Adair County, Iowa — soil, sun, drainage, frost risk, and scored plant recommendations.
Three things about your lot that Adair County averages can't show:
We read public map data around Adair County — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Adair County average
How we know this about Adair County
The datasets: hardiness from the USDA ARS Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023, read at county grain; hard-freeze dates from NOAA 1991–2020 28°F normals at this county’s own record where one resolves, and the labelled statewide window where none does; soils from the USDA NRCS SSURGO survey, area-weighted across the county’s own map units; boundaries and acreage from US Census TIGER/Line 2025; the contamination and pesticide records from the federal sources named in their beats above. Where Adair County carries no record of its own, the figure is inherited and labelled — the resolution ledger below names each.
Common questions about Adair County
When does frost risk typically end in Adair County?
The last hard freeze (28°F) in Adair County typically lands around Apr 8, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — earlier than the light-frost dates most charts quote. That marks the hard freeze, not the last light frost — lighter frosts keep biting past it, which is why tender transplants here wait until about Apr 29.
How long is the growing season in Adair County?
Measured between 28°F hard freezes, Adair County sees about 198 frost-free days — roughly Apr 8 through Oct 23, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals. Tender crops work a shorter one: nearer Apr 29 to Oct 9, about 163 days.
Is the soil safe to grow vegetables in Adair County?
The federal record around Adair County shows 105 documented sites, mostly Underground Storage Tanks entries (60), the nearest Underground Storage Tanks record about 0.4 miles out — a typical footprint for a growing area, and proximity to a documented site is information, not a diagnosis of any one yard. It's worth seeing which recorded sites sit closest to where you grow, and testing the soil before new food beds near any of them.
Everything above is measured at Adair County's scale — its 5b band and its 198-day season. Your yard writes its own version of Adair County's numbers: we read soil, sun, drainage and frost at your exact address. Try it for 14 days — no card required.
Will It Grow Here?
Zone fit is the first question — each answer below reads Iowa's frost window, season length, and soil profile against the plant's real requirements.
What this page reads at Adair County’s own scale
9 of the readings below were taken at Adair County's own scale — its own ~198-day span between 28°F freezes, the 3 most extensive soil series mapped here and 105 documented sites inside its boundary; one is borrowed from a wider read, named and linked below.
Measured here
- Adair County's own USDA hardiness band, zones 5bUSDA PHZM 2023
- Adair County's own 28°F hard-freeze dates and its ~198-day span between themNOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
- The soil order, drainage, surface pH, and the 3 most extensive named soil series mapped in Adair CountyUSDA NRCS SSURGO
- 105 documented contamination sites inside the county boundary, distance-sorted from its center — the closest Underground Storage Tanks record about 0.4 miles outFederal environmental registers
- Adair County's boundary and the 364,333 acres inside itUS Census TIGER/Line 2025
- Which of 1,086 plants clear zones 5b and a ~198-day seasonGrowable Ground crop-matching engine
- Adair County sitting wholly inside the Western Corn Belt PlainsUS EPA Level III Ecoregions
- Open occurrence records documented in Adair County for a tracked speciesGBIF derived datasets (CC0 / CC BY 4.0)
- Which agricultural compounds go onto Adair County farmland, and roughly how muchUSGS NAWQA EPest county estimates
Inherited from a wider read
- The growing challenges every Iowa grower plans around — written at state scale, so they stay on the state guidefrom Iowa
What this page can’t tell you
- How the season shifts across Adair County — the ~198 days above is one reading at its centre; the 12 towns below each carry their owntowns in this county →
- The soil pH, drainage, sun hours, and frost pockets on any one lot among Adair County's 364,333 acreswhy one lot differs from the next →
- Which of those 105 documented sites actually reaches your soil — that needs your address, the wind, and the groundwater directionhow we read the record →
- Where cold air settles, which slopes face the sun, and which way the wind runs on your own ground — none of it survives being averaged over Adair Countyread your own land →