Elliston, Montana, sits in USDA hardiness zone 4a — room for a real mix of vegetables, fruit, and perennials matched to the local frost calendar.
Reliable performers under these conditions include cabbage, cranberry, cilantro, and collard greens; what your own ground favors still comes down to its soil, sun, and drainage.
Even in Elliston, no two yards are alike.
A low spot, a south-facing slope, or a stand of trees moves the frost date and sun across a single Elliston lot. Enter your address and we'll score 1,086 plants against your land's actual soil, sun, and frost.
We read public map data around Elliston — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
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Elliston — the short answer
Elliston, Montana: USDA zone 4a, about 132 days between hard freezes, across 5K acres of town.
- USDA zone
- 4a
- USDA PHZM 2023
- Last hard freeze (28°F)
- May 14
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- First hard freeze (28°F)
- Sep 23
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- Days between freezes
- ~132
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- Town area
- 5K acres
- US Census TIGER/Line 2025
Every figure names the dataset it came from. Hard-freeze dates are this town’s own 28°F normals: light frosts run a few weeks past them, and tender transplants usually wait 2–3 weeks after the last hard freeze.
Hardiness Zone Range
Zone 4a is Elliston's average, not your lot's — a low corner or a tree line moves it. Against Elliston's 132-day season, see what your own ground reads.
Soil varies lot by lot — soil types explained.
What this means for growing in Elliston
Each reading below is measured for Elliston itself — here is what it means for a garden here, and the move an experienced grower makes about it.
Season length
MeasuredElliston runs about 132 days between hard freezes — a short growing season.
Long-maturing crops like melons, sweet potatoes, and winter squash can run out of runway before the first hard freeze, ripening late or not at all.
Lead with fast-maturing varieties, and stretch the season on both ends with cold frames, low tunnels, or a greenhouse.
NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
Winter hardiness
MeasuredElliston sits in USDA hardiness zone 4a.
The zone sets which perennials, shrubs, and fruit trees live through an average winter here — a plant rated for a colder zone is a safe bet, one rated warmer needs winter protection or gets treated as an annual.
Match perennials and fruit to the zone before you buy, so nothing you plant is a gamble against the cold.
USDA PHZM 2023
The kind of country Elliston is in
Elliston sits in the Middle Rockies — EPA Level III, inside the wider Northwestern Forested Mountains. That is read at Elliston's own centroid rather than borrowed from Powell County.
What Grows in Elliston
Every plant below cleared Elliston's own zone 4a and its 132-day season. Each card opens that plant's Montana profile. How we score.
Is it too late to plant in Elliston?
Too late for some crops, right on time for others — a growing season is a sequence, not a deadline. Cool-season crops can go in from around Apr 16; tender transplants wait until two to three weeks after the last 28°F hard freeze, which lands near May 14 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals); and from midsummer, planting counts back from the first fall freeze around Sep 23 — long-season crops need about 90 days of runway, quick greens only 30. In a season this compact, fast finishers and cold-hardy greens do the late work, and garlic tucked in before the freeze repays you next summer.
What's on the federal record near Elliston
Closest first, within ~10 miles of Elliston. Listing isn't leaking, and distance isn't exposure.
- 10N07W35CCCC01Nitrate · 1.0 mi
- 09N07W02ADDB01Nitrate · 1.5 mi
- ELLISTON STOREUnderground Storage Tanks · 1.6 mi
- Elliston AreaMining · 2.1 mi
- Carbonate King MineMining · 2.6 mi
- Carbonate KingMining · 2.6 mi
- 09N06W06DCDA01Nitrate · 3.2 mi
- 09N06W06DCDD01Nitrate · 3.2 mi
- 10N07W31CAAC01Nitrate · 3.2 mi
- Homestead PropertyMining · 3.8 mi
- 09N06W19AABC01Nitrate · 4.0 mi
- ClarkMining · 4.1 mi
6 more sites are on the record inside the same radius. See them on the map
Measured from Elliston's center, not your beds. Run your own address for what's upwind of you specifically.
Environmental Intelligence
The counts behind that headline — every source type on the record near Elliston.
Sources Checked
within ~10 miles of Elliston
Severity Distribution
within ~10 miles of Elliston
Highest-Severity Sites
A note from Gnorman
What an experienced grower watches for around here
In and around Elliston, Mining runs higher than the national average — 98 sites within ~10 miles of Elliston. Knowing it is half the work — and it's nothing a thoughtful grower can't plan for.
Mining: Mining sites — both historic and active — can leach heavy metals (arsenic, lead, cadmium, mercury) into soil and water for centuries after operations cease.
Test soil for heavy metals (lead, arsenic, cadmium, mercury) — this is essential near any mining site.
Check your specific parcel in Elliston
Get exact proximity distances to contamination sources for your specific parcel — plus soil, sun, drainage, and 1,086 plant recommendations.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Elliston average
Your land is one point inside Elliston
Everything above resolves to Elliston as a whole — one PHZM band and one 28°F frost record, read across 5K acres. Your parcel is one point inside that footprint. Slope, tree cover, a low spot that pools cold air, and what is in the soil are all resolved at the address, and none of them are visible at town scale. That is the honest boundary of this page, and the reason the next step is a reading of your own ground rather than a better local average.
Your Lot vs the Elliston Average
Elliston Average
- ●USDA Zones 4a, averaged across Elliston
- ●One soil character for all of Elliston
- ●Frost dates read at Elliston's scale: May 14 to Sep 23
YOUR Parcel
- ✓Your exact zone, not Elliston's 4a
- ✓Your SSURGO soil type & pH
- ✓Your sun exposure, cast in 3D
See MY Growing Report
Read your specific parcel in Elliston
Pull a site-specific report for your exact address in Elliston, Montana — soil, sun, drainage, frost risk, and scored plant recommendations.
Three things about your lot that Elliston averages can't show:
We read public map data around Elliston — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Elliston average
How we know this about Elliston
The datasets: hardiness from the USDA ARS Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023, read at this town’s own centroid; hard-freeze dates from NOAA 1991–2020 28°F normals at Elliston’s own record; boundaries and acreage from US Census TIGER/Line 2025; the contamination records from the federal sources named in their beats above. Soil is not read at town grain anywhere on this page — there is no town-resolution survey in our data, which is why you will find no soil grid here rather than a statewide one wearing a local label. The resolution ledger below names every figure this page inherited.
Common questions about Elliston
When does frost risk typically end in Elliston?
The last hard freeze (28°F) in Elliston typically lands around May 14, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — earlier than the light-frost dates most charts quote. That marks the hard freeze, not the last light frost — lighter frosts keep biting past it, which is why tender transplants here wait until about Jun 4.
When is the first frost in Elliston?
The first hard freeze (28°F) in Elliston typically arrives around Sep 23, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — the point tender summer crops finish. Lighter frosts run ahead of it, near Sep 9, so the watching starts about Aug 24 — about 132 days after the spring freeze cleared.
How long is the growing season in Elliston?
Measured between 28°F hard freezes, Elliston sees about 132 frost-free days — roughly May 14 through Sep 23, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals. Tender crops work a shorter one: nearer Jun 4 to Sep 9, about 97 days.
Is the soil safe to grow vegetables in Elliston?
The federal record around Elliston runs heavier than most — 124 documented sites, mostly Mining entries (98), the nearest Nitrate record about 1.0 miles out — so test the soil before planting food in the ground, and raised beds with clean imported soil grow well in the meantime. Even here, proximity to a documented site is information, not a diagnosis of any one yard; the contamination map shows exactly what's recorded and where.
How do gardeners stretch the season in Elliston?
With about 132 frost-free days between hard freezes, Elliston rewards the classic extension moves: floating row cover buys roughly two to four extra weeks at each shoulder — on this season that is a working window nearer 160 to 188 days — and cold frames or low tunnels buy more. Starting transplants indoors ahead of the May 14 hard-freeze normal stretches the season without touching the calendar.
Everything above is measured at Elliston's scale — its 4a band and its 132-day season. Your yard writes its own version of Elliston's numbers: we read soil, sun, drainage and frost at your exact address. Try it for 14 days — no card required.
What this page reads at Elliston’s own scale
6 of the readings below were taken at Elliston's own scale — its own ~132-day season between 28°F freezes, the 5,183 acres it covers and 124 documented sites around it; 4 are borrowed from a wider read, named and linked below.
Measured here
- Elliston's own USDA hardiness band, zones 4aUSDA PHZM 2023
- Elliston's own 28°F hard-freeze dates, about May 14 and Sep 23 and the ~132-day span between themNOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
- 124 documented contamination sites on the federal record near Elliston, the closest Nitrate record about 1.0 miles out from the town centreFederal environmental registers
- Elliston's boundary and the 5,183 acres inside itUS Census TIGER/Line 2025
- Which of 1,086 plants clear zones 4a and a ~132-day seasonGrowable Ground crop-matching engine
- The ecoregion at Elliston's own centroid, the Middle RockiesUS EPA Level III Ecoregions
Inherited from a wider read
- Soil character — no town-scale survey exists, so Elliston's 5,183 acres read through its county's SSURGO summaryfrom Powell County
- Growing-degree days and winter chill — measured county-wide only, so the county page carries themfrom Powell County
- The growing challenges every Montana grower plans around — written at state scale, so they stay on the state guidefrom Montana
- Butterfly and beetle records, and the farmland pesticide estimate — all published county-widefrom Powell County
What this page can’t tell you
- The soil pH, drainage, sun hours, and frost pockets on any one lot among Elliston's 5,183 acreswhy one lot differs from the next →
- Which side of Elliston you're on — a low spot frosts first and a south wall warms early, and one normal is being asked to speak for all 5,183 acresreading your own microclimate →
- How close that record sits to YOUR lot — the closest Nitrate record about 1.0 miles out, measured from the town centrehow we read the record →
- Where cold air settles, which slopes face the sun, and which way the wind runs on your own ground — measured at your address, and averaged away by any Elliston-wide figureread your own land →
More in Montana
Wider growing context
What grows across MontanaElliston sits outside our named growing regions, so Montana as a whole is its closest context here.
Nearby growing guides