Theresa, New York, sits in USDA hardiness zone 5a — room for a real mix of vegetables, fruit, and perennials matched to the local frost calendar.
A short list that earns its place here — cabbage, cranberry, lavender, and collard greens — with any one site's soil, sun, and drainage making the final cut.
Even in Theresa, no two yards are alike.
A low spot, a south-facing slope, or a stand of trees moves the frost date and sun across a single Theresa lot. Enter your address and we'll score 1,086 plants against your land's actual soil, sun, and frost.
We read public map data around Theresa — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
No card required · your full report in seconds
Theresa — the short answer
Theresa, New York: USDA zone 5a, about 192 days between hard freezes, across 808 acres of town.
- USDA zone
- 5a
- USDA PHZM 2023
- Last hard freeze (28°F)
- Apr 18
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- First hard freeze (28°F)
- Oct 27
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- Days between freezes
- ~192
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F — this town
- Town area
- 808 acres
- US Census TIGER/Line 2025
Every figure names the dataset it came from. Hard-freeze dates are this town’s own 28°F normals: light frosts run a few weeks past them, and tender transplants usually wait 2–3 weeks after the last hard freeze.
Hardiness Zone Range
Zone 5a is Theresa's average, not your lot's — a low corner or a tree line moves it. Against Theresa's 192-day season, see what your own ground reads.
Soil varies lot by lot — soil types explained.
What this means for growing in Theresa
Each reading below is measured for Theresa itself — here is what it means for a garden here, and the move an experienced grower makes about it.
Season length
MeasuredTheresa runs about 192 days between hard freezes — a moderate growing season.
There is room for the full run of cool-season crops plus a warm-season main crop, but the calendar is tight enough that a late spring or early fall frost still decides how much finishes.
Time warm-season transplants to your last hard freeze, and a few weeks of season extension turns a near-miss harvest into a sure one.
NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
Winter hardiness
MeasuredTheresa sits in USDA hardiness zone 5a.
The zone sets which perennials, shrubs, and fruit trees live through an average winter here — a plant rated for a colder zone is a safe bet, one rated warmer needs winter protection or gets treated as an annual.
Match perennials and fruit to the zone before you buy, so nothing you plant is a gamble against the cold.
USDA PHZM 2023
The kind of country Theresa is in
Theresa sits in the Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands — EPA Level III, inside the wider Eastern Temperate Forests. That is read at Theresa's own centroid rather than borrowed from Jefferson County.
What Grows in Theresa
Every plant below cleared Theresa's own zone 5a and its 192-day season. Each card opens that plant's New York profile. How we score.
Is it too late to plant in Theresa?
Too late for some crops, right on time for others — a growing season is a sequence, not a deadline. Cool-season crops can go in from around Mar 21; tender transplants wait until two to three weeks after the last 28°F hard freeze, which lands near Apr 18 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals); and from midsummer, planting counts back from the first fall freeze around Oct 27 — long-season crops need about 90 days of runway, quick greens only 30. As the window narrows, the plantings just get faster — fall brassicas, then greens, then garlic to finish.
Documented around Theresa
Survey cells within 31 miles of Theresa checked for spotted lanternfly, none carrying a detection — a surveyed negative, not an absence of looking. Nearest documented record 81 miles off. What to watch for.
What's on the federal record near Theresa
Closest first, within ~10 miles of Theresa. Listing isn't leaking, and distance isn't exposure.
- COUNTRYMAN'S SERVICE STATIONUnderground Storage Tanks · 350 ft
- BICKELHAUPT'S GARAGEUnderground Storage Tanks · 700 ft
- YOUR & OURS PIZZA SHOPUnderground Storage Tanks · 750 ft
- J 173Nitrate · 950 ft
- JEFFERSON CO BIN 3339340Brownfields · 1600 ft
- THERESA PRIMARY SCHOOLUnderground Storage Tanks · 1700 ft
- J 177Nitrate · 1900 ft
- FORMER HUGH'S GROCERY & TACKLEUnderground Storage Tanks · 2600 ft
- LAND OF LAKES SHOPPETTE & GAS LLCUnderground Storage Tanks · 1.4 mi
- NYSDOT BIN 1094090Brownfields · 1.6 mi
- J1027Nitrate · 2.5 mi
- NIAGARA MOHAWK POWER CORP-SPILL 2204742 AT 39618 HYDE LAKE RDBrownfields · 2.8 mi
6 more sites are on the record inside the same radius. See them on the map
Measured from Theresa's center, not your beds. Run your own address for what's upwind of you specifically.
Environmental Intelligence
The counts behind that headline — every source type on the record near Theresa.
Total Sites
97
within ~10 miles of Theresa
Risk Level
Moderate
Highest-severity
1 Toxics Release Inventory facility
Sources Checked
within ~10 miles of Theresa
Severity Distribution
within ~10 miles of Theresa
Highest-Severity Sites
A note from Gnorman
What an experienced grower watches for around here
In and around Theresa, CAFO runs higher than the national average — 4 sites within ~10 miles of Theresa. Knowing it is half the work — and it's nothing a thoughtful grower can't plan for.
CAFO: CAFOs pose a different contamination profile than chemical sources.
Wash all produce consumed raw thoroughly, especially leafy greens grown near CAFOs.
Check your specific parcel in Theresa
Get exact proximity distances to contamination sources for your specific parcel — plus soil, sun, drainage, and 1,086 plant recommendations.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Theresa average
Your land is one point inside Theresa
Everything above resolves to Theresa as a whole — one PHZM band and one 28°F frost record, read across 808 acres. Your parcel is one point inside that footprint. Slope, tree cover, a low spot that pools cold air, and what is in the soil are all resolved at the address, and none of them are visible at town scale. That is the honest boundary of this page, and the reason the next step is a reading of your own ground rather than a better local average.
Your Lot vs the Theresa Average
Theresa Average
- ●USDA Zones 5a, averaged across Theresa
- ●One soil character for all of Theresa
- ●Frost dates read at Theresa's scale: Apr 18 to Oct 27
YOUR Parcel
- ✓Your exact zone, not Theresa's 5a
- ✓Your SSURGO soil type & pH
- ✓Your sun exposure, cast in 3D
See MY Growing Report
Read your specific parcel in Theresa
Pull a site-specific report for your exact address in Theresa, New York — soil, sun, drainage, frost risk, and scored plant recommendations.
Three things about your lot that Theresa averages can't show:
We read public map data around Theresa — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Theresa average
How we know this about Theresa
The datasets: hardiness from the USDA ARS Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023, read at this town’s own centroid; hard-freeze dates from NOAA 1991–2020 28°F normals at Theresa’s own record; boundaries and acreage from US Census TIGER/Line 2025; the contamination records from the federal sources named in their beats above. Soil is not read at town grain anywhere on this page — there is no town-resolution survey in our data, which is why you will find no soil grid here rather than a statewide one wearing a local label. The resolution ledger below names every figure this page inherited.
Common questions about Theresa
When does frost risk typically end in Theresa?
The last hard freeze (28°F) in Theresa typically lands around Apr 18, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — earlier than the light-frost dates most charts quote. That marks the hard freeze, not the last light frost — lighter frosts keep biting past it, which is why tender transplants here wait until about May 9.
When is the first frost in Theresa?
The first hard freeze (28°F) in Theresa typically arrives around Oct 27, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — the point tender summer crops finish. Lighter frosts run ahead of it, near Oct 13, so the watching starts about Sep 27 — about 192 days after the spring freeze cleared.
How long is the growing season in Theresa?
Measured between 28°F hard freezes, Theresa sees about 192 frost-free days — roughly Apr 18 through Oct 27, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals. Tender crops work a shorter one: nearer May 9 to Oct 13, about 157 days.
Is the soil safe to grow vegetables in Theresa?
The federal record around Theresa shows 97 documented sites, mostly Underground Storage Tanks entries (51), the nearest Underground Storage Tanks record under a tenth of a mile out — a typical footprint for a growing area, and proximity to a documented site is information, not a diagnosis of any one yard. It's worth seeing which recorded sites sit closest to where you grow, and testing the soil before new food beds near any of them.
How do I protect my plants from frost in Theresa?
From about Sep 27 the job here turns from planting to protecting — the last start even a 30-day crop can finish. As the season closes around the first 28°F hard freeze near Oct 27 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals), three moves buy time: row cover or an old sheet over tender plants on still, clear nights; water the soil the afternoon before a freeze, so it holds warmth overnight; and harvest tomatoes, peppers and basil before Oct 27. Hardy greens and roots shrug off light frost and sweeten after it — leave them in.
Everything above is measured at Theresa's scale — its 5a band and its 192-day season. Your yard writes its own version of Theresa's numbers: we read soil, sun, drainage and frost at your exact address. Try it for 14 days — no card required.
What this page reads at Theresa’s own scale
7 of the readings below were taken at Theresa's own scale — its own ~192-day season between 28°F freezes, the 808 acres it covers and 97 documented sites around it; 4 are borrowed from a wider read, named and linked below.
Measured here
- Theresa's own USDA hardiness band, zones 5aUSDA PHZM 2023
- Theresa's own 28°F hard-freeze dates, about Apr 18 and Oct 27 and the ~192-day span between themNOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
- 97 documented contamination sites on the federal record near Theresa, the closest Underground Storage Tanks record under a tenth of a mile out from the town centreFederal environmental registers
- Theresa's boundary and the 808 acres inside itUS Census TIGER/Line 2025
- Which of 1,086 plants clear zones 5a and a ~192-day seasonGrowable Ground crop-matching engine
- The ecoregion at Theresa's own centroid, the Eastern Great Lakes LowlandsUS EPA Level III Ecoregions
- Lanternfly survey cells around Theresa checked, none carrying a detectionlydemapr (De Bona & Helmus), 10 km survey lattice
Inherited from a wider read
- Soil character — no town-scale survey exists, so Theresa's 808 acres read through its county's SSURGO summaryfrom Jefferson County
- Growing-degree days and winter chill — measured county-wide only, so the county page carries themfrom Jefferson County
- The growing challenges every New York grower plans around — written at state scale, so they stay on the state guidefrom New York
- Butterfly and beetle records, and the farmland pesticide estimate — all published county-widefrom Jefferson County
What this page can’t tell you
- The soil pH, drainage, sun hours, and frost pockets on any one lot among Theresa's 808 acreswhy one lot differs from the next →
- Which side of Theresa you're on — a low spot frosts first and a south wall warms early, and one normal is being asked to speak for all 808 acresreading your own microclimate →
- How close that record sits to YOUR lot — the closest Underground Storage Tanks record under a tenth of a mile out, measured from the town centrehow we read the record →
- Where cold air settles, which slopes face the sun, and which way the wind runs on your own ground — measured at your address, and averaged away by any Theresa-wide figureread your own land →