Butler County, in Iowa, sits in USDA hardiness zone 5a — enough range to grow cool-season vegetables, hardy fruit, and warm-season crops that mature before the first hard frost.
Well-matched crops include cabbage, cranberry, lavender, and collard greens, and the gap between "grows in the area" and "grows in your yard" is closed by soil, sun, and drainage.
Grounded in USDA PHZM 2023 · Growable Ground suitability scoring · NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
Butler County holds more than one microclimate.
Soils and elevations shift across Butler County, so your frost dates and drainage aren't the county average. Enter your address and we'll score 1,086 plants against your land's actual soil, sun, and frost.
We read public map data around Butler County — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
No card required · your full report in seconds
Butler County — the short answer
Butler County, Iowa: USDA zone 5a, about 188 days between hard freezes, across 371K acres.
- USDA zone
- 5a
- USDA PHZM 2023
- Last hard freeze (28°F)
- Apr 15
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F
- First hard freeze (28°F)
- Oct 20
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F
- Days between freezes
- ~188
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F
- County area
- 371K acres
- US Census TIGER/Line 2025
Every figure names the dataset it came from. Hard-freeze dates are county 28°F normals: light frosts run a few weeks past them, and tender transplants usually wait 2–3 weeks after the last hard freeze.
Hardiness Zone Range
Zone 5a is Butler County's average, not your lot's — a low corner or a tree line moves it. Against Butler County's 188-day season, see what your own ground reads.
Heat in Butler County
Across a year, Butler County accumulates about 2,620 growing degree days above 50°F, about 124 fewer than the middle Iowa county — ahead of 30 of Iowa’s 99 counties. Degree days are the heat a crop actually gets to work with — more of them is more room to ripen a long-season crop before the freeze closes the window.
Grounded in PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University — 1991–2020 monthly normals
Soil in Butler County
Across Butler County, the ground is predominantly Mollisols, where Clyde, Kenyon, and Floyd are the most extensive named soil series. The soil is generally poorly drained with a loam surface. Topsoil pH runs about 6.2–6.7, slightly acidic. Rainfall drains through hydrologic group C/D soils.
Soil order
Mollisols
Drainage
Poorly drained
Prime farmland
52%
Hydric soils
26%
Soil still varies lot by lot — soil types explained.
How the ground varies across Butler County
The USDA soil survey maps 28% of Butler County as poorly drained — but another 71% drains differently: 23% somewhat poorly drained, 22% moderately well drained.
Clyde is the most extensive named soil at 10% of mapped acres, then Kenyon (9%) and Floyd (9%).
Which of them your own lot sits on is a parcel question, not a county one. Check your address for the survey at your boundary.
What this means for growing in Butler County
Each reading below is measured for Butler County itself — here is what it means for a garden here, and the move an experienced grower makes about it.
Drainage
MeasuredThe dominant soils across Butler County are poorly drained, in hydrologic group C/D — ground that sheds water slowly.
Beds can stay saturated for days after heavy rain, and the roots of most vegetables, berries, and fruit trees suffocate or rot in soil that never drains.
Raised beds or mounded rows lift roots above the wet zone; choose water-tolerant crops for the lowest spots.
USDA NRCS SSURGO
Surface pH
MeasuredTopsoil across Butler County runs about pH 6.2–6.7, close to neutral.
This is the range most vegetables prefer — one correction you probably do not have to make, which is genuinely good news for a new bed.
Keep it there with compost rather than lime or sulfur, and only amend if your own soil test says otherwise.
USDA NRCS SSURGO
Season length
MeasuredButler County runs about 188 days between hard freezes — a moderate growing season.
There is room for the full run of cool-season crops plus a warm-season main crop, but the calendar is tight enough that a late spring or early fall frost still decides how much finishes.
Time warm-season transplants to your last hard freeze, and a few weeks of season extension turns a near-miss harvest into a sure one.
NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
Winter hardiness
MeasuredButler County sits in USDA hardiness zone 5a.
The zone sets which perennials, shrubs, and fruit trees live through an average winter here — a plant rated for a colder zone is a safe bet, one rated warmer needs winter protection or gets treated as an annual.
Match perennials and fruit to the zone before you buy, so nothing you plant is a gamble against the cold.
USDA PHZM 2023
The kind of country Butler County is in
Butler County sits in the Western Corn Belt Plains — EPA Level III, inside the wider Great Plains. One consistent ecological setting across the whole county.
What Grows in Butler County
We scored all 1,086 plants against Butler County's own USDA zone 5a and its own 188-day season between hard freezes, using the same matching engine that runs a full parcel report. These cleared both. Sun, soil pH and drainage vary lot by lot — those are the parcel questions below. Each card opens that plant's Iowa profile.
Is it too late to plant in Butler County?
Too late for some crops, right on time for others — a growing season is a sequence, not a deadline. Cool-season crops can go in from around Mar 18; tender transplants wait until two to three weeks after the last 28°F hard freeze, which lands near Apr 15 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals); and from midsummer, planting counts back from the first fall freeze around Oct 20 — long-season crops need about 90 days of runway, quick greens only 30. As the window narrows, the plantings just get faster — fall brassicas, then greens, then garlic to finish.
Documented around Butler County
- monarch butterfly31 documented records
Sighting records, so they follow observers as much as insects.
What gets applied to farmland in Butler County
USGS estimates 248,686 lb of Glyphosate on Butler County farmland in 2019, its largest by weight, ahead of Acetochlor (155,349 lb) and Metolachlor & Metolachlor-s (95,337 lb).
Farmland across the whole county, not any one lot. Check your address for the site-by-site record.
Safe to Grow Here?
What the federal record shows across Butler County — and how to grow with it.
We checked the federal record across Butler County — 198 documented sites across 5 of the 9 source types we track.
The most significant on record: 10 Toxics Release Inventory facilities. Active industrial facilities reporting chemical releases to air, water, and land.
The federal record across Butler County is a modest one — a typical footprint for a growing area. Nothing here calls for alarm; it's worth knowing which recorded sites sit closest to where you grow, and each one on the map carries its type and location. If one turns out to be a near neighbor, a one-time soil test settles the question.
Sources: EPA, USGS — 1.8M documented sites tracked nationwide across 9 federal source types.
What's on the federal record near Butler County
Closest first, across Butler County. Listing isn't leaking, and distance isn't exposure.
- ALLISON IMPLEMENTBrownfields · 0.7 mi
- CASEY''S GENERAL STORE 2357Underground Storage Tanks · 0.9 mi
- IOWA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATIONBrownfields · 1.0 mi
- DUANES REPAIR SHOPBrownfields · 1.2 mi
- COOPER MOTORS INCUnderground Storage Tanks · 1.3 mi
- SCOT''S 66Underground Storage Tanks · 1.4 mi
- FECHT SINCLAIRUnderground Storage Tanks · 1.4 mi
- CITY OF ALLISONUnderground Storage Tanks · 1.4 mi
- BUTLER COUNTY RECUnderground Storage Tanks · 1.5 mi
- MOSHER STANDARD STATIONUnderground Storage Tanks · 1.5 mi
- 092N17W25ABDA 1897Allison 2Nitrate · 1.7 mi
- 092N17W25ABDA 1931Allison 1Nitrate · 1.7 mi
6 more sites are on the record inside the same radius. See them on the map
Measured from Butler County's center, not your beds. Run your own address for what's upwind of you specifically.
Environmental Intelligence
The counts behind that headline — every source type on the record near Butler County.
Total Sites
198
across Butler County
Risk Level
Moderate
Highest-severity
10 Toxics Release Inventory facilities
Sources Checked
across Butler County
Severity Distribution
across Butler County
Highest-Severity Sites
A note from Gnorman
What an experienced grower watches for around here
In and around Butler County, Nitrate runs higher than the national average — 60 sites across Butler County. Knowing it is half the work — and it's nothing a thoughtful grower can't plan for.
Nitrate: Nitrate contamination primarily comes from agricultural fertilizer runoff and failing septic systems.
Test well water for nitrate if you rely on a private well for irrigation (EPA standard: 10 mg/L).
Check your specific parcel in Butler County
Get exact proximity distances to contamination sources for your specific parcel — plus soil, sun, drainage, and 1,086 plant recommendations.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Butler County average
Your land is one point inside Butler County
Everything above resolves to Butler County as a whole — one PHZM band and one county frost record, read across 371K acres. Your parcel is one point inside that footprint. Slope, tree cover, a low spot that pools cold air, and what is in the soil are all resolved at the address, and none of them are visible at county scale. That is the honest boundary of this page, and the reason the next step is a reading of your own ground rather than a better county average.
Your Lot vs the Butler County Average
Butler County Average
- ●USDA Zones 5a, averaged across Butler County
- ●One soil character for all of Butler County
- ●Frost dates read at Butler County's scale: Apr 15 to Oct 20
YOUR Parcel
- ✓Your exact zone, not Butler County's 5a
- ✓Your SSURGO soil type & pH
- ✓Your sun exposure, cast in 3D
See MY Growing Report
Read your parcel in Butler County
Pull a site-specific report for your exact address in Butler County, Iowa — soil, sun, drainage, frost risk, and scored plant recommendations.
Three things about your lot that Butler County averages can't show:
We read public map data around Butler County — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Butler County average
How we know this about Butler County
The datasets: hardiness from the USDA ARS Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023, read at county grain; hard-freeze dates from NOAA 1991–2020 28°F normals at this county’s own record where one resolves, and the labelled statewide window where none does; soils from the USDA NRCS SSURGO survey, area-weighted across the county’s own map units; boundaries and acreage from US Census TIGER/Line 2025; the contamination and pesticide records from the federal sources named in their beats above. Where Butler County carries no record of its own, the figure is inherited and labelled — the resolution ledger below names each.
Common questions about Butler County
When does frost risk typically end in Butler County?
The last hard freeze (28°F) in Butler County typically lands around Apr 15, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — earlier than the light-frost dates most charts quote. That marks the hard freeze, not the last light frost — lighter frosts keep biting past it, which is why tender transplants here wait until about May 6.
How long is the growing season in Butler County?
Measured between 28°F hard freezes, Butler County sees about 188 frost-free days — roughly Apr 15 through Oct 20, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals. Tender crops work a shorter one: nearer May 6 to Oct 6, about 153 days.
Is the soil safe to grow vegetables in Butler County?
The federal record around Butler County shows 198 documented sites, mostly Underground Storage Tanks entries (100), the nearest Brownfields record about 0.7 miles out — a typical footprint for a growing area, and proximity to a documented site is information, not a diagnosis of any one yard. It's worth seeing which recorded sites sit closest to where you grow, and testing the soil before new food beds near any of them.
Everything above is measured at Butler County's scale — its 5a band and its 188-day season. Your yard writes its own version of Butler County's numbers: we read soil, sun, drainage and frost at your exact address. Try it for 14 days — no card required.
Will It Grow Here?
Zone fit is the first question — each answer below reads Iowa's frost window, season length, and soil profile against the plant's real requirements.
What this page reads at Butler County’s own scale
9 of the readings below were taken at Butler County's own scale — its own ~188-day span between 28°F freezes, the 3 most extensive soil series mapped here and 198 documented sites inside its boundary; one is borrowed from a wider read, named and linked below.
Measured here
- Butler County's own USDA hardiness band, zones 5aUSDA PHZM 2023
- Butler County's own 28°F hard-freeze dates and its ~188-day span between themNOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
- The soil order, drainage, surface pH, and the 3 most extensive named soil series mapped in Butler CountyUSDA NRCS SSURGO
- 198 documented contamination sites inside the county boundary, distance-sorted from its center — the closest Brownfields record about 0.7 miles outFederal environmental registers
- Butler County's boundary and the 371,288 acres inside itUS Census TIGER/Line 2025
- Which of 1,086 plants clear zones 5a and a ~188-day seasonGrowable Ground crop-matching engine
- Butler County sitting wholly inside the Western Corn Belt PlainsUS EPA Level III Ecoregions
- Open occurrence records documented in Butler County for a tracked speciesGBIF derived datasets (CC0 / CC BY 4.0)
- Which agricultural compounds go onto Butler County farmland, and roughly how muchUSGS NAWQA EPest county estimates
Inherited from a wider read
- The growing challenges every Iowa grower plans around — written at state scale, so they stay on the state guidefrom Iowa
What this page can’t tell you
- How the season shifts across Butler County — the ~188 days above is one reading at its centre; the 12 towns below each carry their owntowns in this county →
- The soil pH, drainage, sun hours, and frost pockets on any one lot among Butler County's 371,288 acreswhy one lot differs from the next →
- Which of those 198 documented sites actually reaches your soil — that needs your address, the wind, and the groundwater directionhow we read the record →
- Where cold air settles, which slopes face the sun, and which way the wind runs on your own ground — none of it survives being averaged over Butler Countyread your own land →