Nicollet County, in Minnesota, sits in USDA hardiness zone 4b — a range where zone-matched perennials and frost-aware annual timing set what succeeds.
Crops well matched to these conditions include cabbage, cranberry, turkish rocket, and collard greens — though what thrives on any one site still turns on its specific soil, sun, and drainage.
Grounded in USDA PHZM 2023 · Growable Ground suitability scoring · NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
Nicollet County holds more than one microclimate.
Soils and elevations shift across Nicollet County, so your frost dates and drainage aren't the county average. Enter your address and we'll score 1,086 plants against your land's actual soil, sun, and frost.
We read public map data around Nicollet County — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
No card required · your full report in seconds
Nicollet County — the short answer
Nicollet County, Minnesota: USDA zone 4b, about 186 days between hard freezes, across 287K acres.
- USDA zone
- 4b
- USDA PHZM 2023
- Last hard freeze (28°F)
- Apr 16
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F
- First hard freeze (28°F)
- Oct 19
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F
- Days between freezes
- ~186
- NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, 28°F
- County area
- 287K acres
- US Census TIGER/Line 2025
Every figure names the dataset it came from. Hard-freeze dates are county 28°F normals: light frosts run a few weeks past them, and tender transplants usually wait 2–3 weeks after the last hard freeze.
Hardiness Zone Range
Zone 4b is Nicollet County's average, not your lot's — a low corner or a tree line moves it. Against Nicollet County's 186-day season, see what your own ground reads.
Heat in Nicollet County
Across a year, Nicollet County accumulates about 2,414 growing degree days above 50°F, about 149 more than the middle Minnesota county — ahead of 72 of Minnesota’s 87 counties. Degree days are the heat a crop actually gets to work with — more of them is more room to ripen a long-season crop before the freeze closes the window.
Grounded in PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University — 1991–2020 monthly normals
Soil in Nicollet County
Across Nicollet County, the ground is predominantly Mollisols, where Canisteo, Cordova, and Le Sueur are the most extensive named soil series. The soil is generally poorly drained with a clay loam surface. Topsoil pH runs about 6.2–7.5, neutral. Rainfall drains through hydrologic group C/D soils.
Soil order
Mollisols
Drainage
Poorly drained
Prime farmland
29%
Hydric soils
56%
Soil still varies lot by lot — soil types explained.
How the ground varies across Nicollet County
The USDA soil survey maps 41% of Nicollet County as poorly drained — but another 55% drains differently: 15% somewhat poorly drained, 14% moderately well drained.
Canisteo is the most extensive named soil at 12% of mapped acres, then Cordova (9%) and Le Sueur (8%).
Which of them your own lot sits on is a parcel question, not a county one. Check your address for the survey at your boundary.
What this means for growing in Nicollet County
Each reading below is measured for Nicollet County itself — here is what it means for a garden here, and the move an experienced grower makes about it.
Drainage
MeasuredThe dominant soils across Nicollet County are poorly drained, in hydrologic group C/D — ground that sheds water slowly.
Beds can stay saturated for days after heavy rain, and the roots of most vegetables, berries, and fruit trees suffocate or rot in soil that never drains.
Raised beds or mounded rows lift roots above the wet zone; choose water-tolerant crops for the lowest spots.
USDA NRCS SSURGO
Surface pH
MeasuredTopsoil across Nicollet County runs about pH 6.2–7.5, close to neutral.
This is the range most vegetables prefer — one correction you probably do not have to make, which is genuinely good news for a new bed.
Keep it there with compost rather than lime or sulfur, and only amend if your own soil test says otherwise.
USDA NRCS SSURGO
Season length
MeasuredNicollet County runs about 186 days between hard freezes — a moderate growing season.
There is room for the full run of cool-season crops plus a warm-season main crop, but the calendar is tight enough that a late spring or early fall frost still decides how much finishes.
Time warm-season transplants to your last hard freeze, and a few weeks of season extension turns a near-miss harvest into a sure one.
NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
Winter hardiness
MeasuredNicollet County sits in USDA hardiness zone 4b.
The zone sets which perennials, shrubs, and fruit trees live through an average winter here — a plant rated for a colder zone is a safe bet, one rated warmer needs winter protection or gets treated as an annual.
Match perennials and fruit to the zone before you buy, so nothing you plant is a gamble against the cold.
USDA PHZM 2023
The kind of country Nicollet County is in
Nicollet County spans 2 EPA Level III ecoregions — Western Corn Belt Plains (93%) and North Central Hardwood Forests (7%). Which one your land falls in changes what grows wild there and how the ground behaves, and a county-wide answer cannot tell you which.
What Grows in Nicollet County
We scored all 1,086 plants against Nicollet County's own USDA zone 4b and its own 186-day season between hard freezes, using the same matching engine that runs a full parcel report. These cleared both. Sun, soil pH and drainage vary lot by lot — those are the parcel questions below. Each card opens that plant's Minnesota profile.
Is it too late to plant in Nicollet County?
For most of the year, no — what changes is which crops still fit the days remaining. Cool-season crops can go in from around Mar 19; tender transplants wait until two to three weeks after the last 28°F hard freeze, which lands near Apr 16 (NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals); and from midsummer, planting counts back from the first fall freeze around Oct 19 — long-season crops need about 90 days of runway, quick greens only 30. As the window narrows, the plantings just get faster — fall brassicas, then greens, then garlic to finish.
Documented around Nicollet County
- monarch butterfly369 documented records
Sighting records, so they follow observers as much as insects.
What gets applied to farmland in Nicollet County
USGS estimates 162,760 lb of Glyphosate on Nicollet County farmland in 2019, its largest by weight, ahead of Acetochlor (99,275 lb) and Metolachlor & Metolachlor-s (63,568 lb).
Farmland across the whole county, not any one lot. Check your address for the site-by-site record.
Safe to Grow Here?
What the federal record shows across Nicollet County — and how to grow with it.
We checked the federal record across Nicollet County — 494 documented sites across 6 of the 9 source types we track.
The most significant on record: 23 Toxics Release Inventory facilities. Active industrial facilities reporting chemical releases to air, water, and land.
There's a meaningful federal record across Nicollet County — worth a look before you plant food, not a reason to hold back from growing. Proximity to a documented site is information, not a diagnosis of any one yard. A soil test before new food beds is the sensible precaution here, and the map shows exactly which sites sit where, so you can see what's actually near you.
Sources: EPA, USGS — 1.8M documented sites tracked nationwide across 9 federal source types.
What's on the federal record near Nicollet County
Closest first, across Nicollet County. Listing isn't leaking, and distance isn't exposure.
- LAKE SWAN CATTLE COMPANYCAFO · 2400 ft
- 128991Nitrate · 2500 ft
- Lloyd Truss SystemsUnderground Storage Tanks · 0.6 mi
- 209007Nitrate · 1.4 mi
- 529650Nitrate · 1.5 mi
- JOANNA TOENNIESSEN-GLEISNER FCAFO · 1.5 mi
- 122N28W18BCC DENNIS KUSESKE IRR WELLNitrate · 1.6 mi
- 627102Nitrate · 1.8 mi
- 770449Nitrate · 1.9 mi
- 770450Nitrate · 1.9 mi
- KROHN PORK 2CAFO · 2.0 mi
- 110N28W18BDD 01 H HoppNitrate · 2.2 mi
6 more sites are on the record inside the same radius. See them on the map
Measured from Nicollet County's center, not your beds. Run your own address for what's upwind of you specifically.
Environmental Intelligence
The counts behind that headline — every source type on the record near Nicollet County.
Total Sites
494
across Nicollet County
Risk Level
Elevated
Highest-severity
23 Toxics Release Inventory facilities
Sources Checked
across Nicollet County
Severity Distribution
across Nicollet County
Highest-Severity Sites
A note from Gnorman
What an experienced grower watches for around here
In and around Nicollet County, two things run higher than the national average across Nicollet County — CAFO (31 sites) and Nitrate (230 sites). It's not cause for alarm — it's worth knowing, and there's a sensible way to grow around it.
CAFO: CAFOs pose a different contamination profile than chemical sources.
Nitrate: Nitrate contamination primarily comes from agricultural fertilizer runoff and failing septic systems.
Wash all produce consumed raw thoroughly, especially leafy greens grown near CAFOs.
Test well water for nitrate if you rely on a private well for irrigation (EPA standard: 10 mg/L).
Check your specific parcel in Nicollet County
Get exact proximity distances to contamination sources for your specific parcel — plus soil, sun, drainage, and 1,086 plant recommendations.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Nicollet County average
Your land is one point inside Nicollet County
Everything above resolves to Nicollet County as a whole — one PHZM band and one county frost record, read across 287K acres. Your parcel is one point inside that footprint. Slope, tree cover, a low spot that pools cold air, and what is in the soil are all resolved at the address, and none of them are visible at county scale. That is the honest boundary of this page, and the reason the next step is a reading of your own ground rather than a better county average.
Your Lot vs the Nicollet County Average
Nicollet County Average
- ●USDA Zones 4b, averaged across Nicollet County
- ●One soil character for all of Nicollet County
- ●Frost dates read at Nicollet County's scale: Apr 16 to Oct 19
YOUR Parcel
- ✓Your exact zone, not Nicollet County's 4b
- ✓Your SSURGO soil type & pH
- ✓Your sun exposure, cast in 3D
See MY Growing Report
Read your parcel in Nicollet County
Pull a site-specific report for your exact address in Nicollet County, Minnesota — soil, sun, drainage, frost risk, and scored plant recommendations.
Three things about your lot that Nicollet County averages can't show:
We read public map data around Nicollet County — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
25+ data sources read at your address, not the Nicollet County average
How we know this about Nicollet County
The datasets: hardiness from the USDA ARS Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023, read at county grain; hard-freeze dates from NOAA 1991–2020 28°F normals at this county’s own record where one resolves, and the labelled statewide window where none does; soils from the USDA NRCS SSURGO survey, area-weighted across the county’s own map units; boundaries and acreage from US Census TIGER/Line 2025; the contamination and pesticide records from the federal sources named in their beats above. Where Nicollet County carries no record of its own, the figure is inherited and labelled — the resolution ledger below names each.
Common questions about Nicollet County
When does frost risk typically end in Nicollet County?
The last hard freeze (28°F) in Nicollet County typically lands around Apr 16, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals — earlier than the light-frost dates most charts quote. That marks the hard freeze, not the last light frost — lighter frosts keep biting past it, which is why tender transplants here wait until about May 7.
How long is the growing season in Nicollet County?
Measured between 28°F hard freezes, Nicollet County sees about 186 frost-free days — roughly Apr 16 through Oct 19, per NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals. Tender crops work a shorter one: nearer May 7 to Oct 5, about 151 days.
Is the soil safe to grow vegetables in Nicollet County?
The federal record around Nicollet County is a meaningful one — 494 documented sites, mostly Nitrate entries (230), the nearest CAFO record about 0.4 miles out — so a soil test before new food beds is a sensible precaution here, not a reason to hold back from growing. Remember that proximity to a documented site is information, not a diagnosis of any one yard; the contamination map shows exactly what sits where.
Everything above is measured at Nicollet County's scale — its 4b band and its 186-day season. Your yard writes its own version of Nicollet County's numbers: we read soil, sun, drainage and frost at your exact address. Try it for 14 days — no card required.
Will It Grow Here?
Zone fit is the first question — each answer below reads Minnesota's frost window, season length, and soil profile against the plant's real requirements.
What this page reads at Nicollet County’s own scale
9 of the readings below were taken at Nicollet County's own scale — its own ~186-day span between 28°F freezes, the 3 most extensive soil series mapped here and 494 documented sites inside its boundary; one is borrowed from a wider read, named and linked below.
Measured here
- Nicollet County's own USDA hardiness band, zones 4bUSDA PHZM 2023
- Nicollet County's own 28°F hard-freeze dates and its ~186-day span between themNOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals
- The soil order, drainage, surface pH, and the 3 most extensive named soil series mapped in Nicollet CountyUSDA NRCS SSURGO
- 494 documented contamination sites inside the county boundary, distance-sorted from its center — the closest CAFO record about 0.4 miles outFederal environmental registers
- Nicollet County's boundary and the 287,042 acres inside itUS Census TIGER/Line 2025
- Which of 1,086 plants clear zones 4b and a ~186-day seasonGrowable Ground crop-matching engine
- The 2 ecoregions Nicollet County spans, Western Corn Belt Plains the largestUS EPA Level III Ecoregions
- Open occurrence records documented in Nicollet County for a tracked speciesGBIF derived datasets (CC0 / CC BY 4.0)
- Which agricultural compounds go onto Nicollet County farmland, and roughly how muchUSGS NAWQA EPest county estimates
Inherited from a wider read
- The growing challenges every Minnesota grower plans around — written at state scale, so they stay on the state guidefrom Minnesota
What this page can’t tell you
- How the season shifts across Nicollet County — the ~186 days above is one reading at its centre; the 12 towns below each carry their owntowns in this county →
- The soil pH, drainage, sun hours, and frost pockets on any one lot among Nicollet County's 287,042 acreswhy one lot differs from the next →
- Which of those 494 documented sites actually reaches your soil — that needs your address, the wind, and the groundwater directionhow we read the record →
- Where cold air settles, which slopes face the sun, and which way the wind runs on your own ground — none of it survives being averaged over Nicollet Countyread your own land →