Lupine is grown for its blooms, which open in summer. It's hardy across USDA zones 4 through 7 and shrugs off deer. Its summer flowers are a real draw for native bees and butterflies. A nitrogen-fixer, it draws nitrogen from the air and feeds it back to the soil — turn it under or leave the roots in place, and the next planting inherits a richer bed.
Lupine — the short answer
Lupine: grown in zones 4–7, full sun, pH 4.9–8.2.
- USDA zones
- 4–7
- Manual horticultural correction (source not retained); NC State Extension and Missouri Botanical Garden, with the remaining rows from other published sources or Growable Ground compilation
- Soil pH
- 4.9–8.2
- FAO ECOCROP
- Sun
- Full Sun
- Growable Ground Plant Database
- Frost-kill temperature
- 21.2°F
- FAO ECOCROP
Plant data: Growable Ground Plant Database, compiled from FAO ECOCROP, USDA PLANTS and university Extension sources — each tile names its own row's source, because per-field provenance varies.
Score Lupine on your exact land.
Zone averages can't see the slope, soil, frost, and sun that decide whether lupine actually takes — and those shift from one yard to the next. Enter your address and we'll score lupine against your land's real conditions.
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What Lupine is
Lupine reaches around four feet at maturity. It blooms in summer. It's also deer-resistant.
How to grow Lupine
Lupine grows in USDA zones 4 through 7. Lupine does best in full sun — at least 6 hours of direct sun a day — and soil from pH 4.9 to 8.2, on well-drained ground. It needs a growing season of at least 100 frost-free days, which is why climate matters as much as soil.
USDA Zones
4-7
USDA PHZM 2023
Soil pH
4.9 - 8.2
FAO ECOCROP
Sun
Full Sun
Growable Ground plant catalog
Drainage
well (dry spells)
Growable Ground plant catalog
Frost Kill Temperature
21.2°F
Where cold starts killing growing tissue. Not a winter-survival floor — a dormant perennial takes far colder, which its hardiness zone answers.
FAO ECOCROP
Minimum Growing Temperature
39.2°F
Below this it stops growing rather than dies — a pace limit, not a survival limit.
FAO ECOCROP
Mature Height
4 ft
Growable Ground plant catalog
Frost-Free Days
100+
The frost-free stretch it needs start to finish — short-season areas may need an indoor head start.
Growable Ground plant catalog
Start the season right
Plant lupine in full sun with at least 6 hours of direct sun. It grows in the cool halves of the year, so sow it in spring or late summer rather than waiting for midsummer heat.
Match the soil
Lupine prefers pH 4.9 to 8.2 (FAO ECOCROP). A quick soil test from your local Extension lab tells you whether to add lime or sulfur to land in band. It fixes its own nitrogen, so skip the high-nitrogen feed and instead dust the seed with a matching rhizobium inoculant at sowing.
Water steadily
Keep the root zone evenly moist through establishment. A 2–3 inch mulch layer holds moisture without waterlogging.
Harvest at its peak
Cut lupine blooms in the cool of the morning, just as they open, for the longest display.
Where Lupine thrives
Lupine is hardy across USDA zones 4 through 7. Zone is only the starting point, though: the soil pH, drainage, and frost dates on your specific land decide how well it actually does.
A USDA zone is a 10°F band of average annual extreme winter minimum, so zones 4–7 spans average winter lows from -30°F to 10°F (USDA PHZM 2023). Across the 50 states and DC, that band covers 15 outright and splits 33 more down the middle — and which side of that line your land sits on changes the answer.
Zones 4–7·Where Lupine growsOpen map →
Where Lupine stands, state by state
Lupine is rated for zones 4–7 — a cold floor USDA puts at -30 to -20°F. Across the 50 states and DC, 15 sit fully inside that band, the line runs through 33 more, and 3 sit outside it — and inside every split state, the same line runs on at county grain.
Fully inside zones 4–7
15 states
3 of 15 shown
The line runs through
33 states
3 of 33 shown
Lupine’s band covers part of each of these states — which side of the line your county sits on changes the answer, and each state page draws it.
State zone extents: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (PHZM) 2023. A zone is a 10°F band of average annual extreme minimum temperature, so a state that splits the band contains the boundary — its own page draws the county line, and a parcel report resolves which side your land sits on.
What grows around Lupine
Growing guides for lupine
In rotation planning, lupine counts as a Legume — beds recover best when legume crops don’t follow each other in the same spot year over year. (Growable Ground derivation — crop-rotation group from botanical family)
Related plants in perennial flower
Good to know
One caution for pet owners — lupine is toxic to dogs and cats and horses (moderate severity). Keep it out of reach, and call ASPCA Animal Poison Control at (888) 426-4435 in an emergency. (Source: ASPCA.)
Lupine is a standout pollinator plant — high value to bees and other pollinators. (Source: Xerces Society.)
Your land is one point inside Lupine's range
This page resolves to the species. Your state page draws the county line, and a report reads the parcel — the soil pH, drainage, sun, and frost dates on your exact ground, which no species average can see.
See if Lupine will thrive on your land
Zone averages are a start. Your exact soil pH, drainage, sun exposure, and frost dates shape whether lupine actually takes — we score it against the real conditions at your address.
Three things about your exact spot that zone averages miss:
We read public map data for this spot — soil, climate, flood, and parcel records. How we handle your address.
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How we know this about Lupine
The figures above are cited per row, not per site: the pH band names this plant’s own source column, the three temperature figures each carry their own, and days-to-maturity cites the publication that actually lists it. All of it comes from the Growable Ground Plant Database — a compilation over FAO ECOCROP, USDA PLANTS, and university Extension sources, published openly with per-field provenance.
Grounded inUSDA PLANTS Database•USDA PHZM•ASPCA
Frequently asked questions
Can I grow Lupine in my zone?
Lupine grows in USDA hardiness zones 4 through 7 (USDA PHZM 2023). Zone is one factor — soil pH, drainage, and frost dates on your specific parcel also shape whether it takes.
When should you plant Lupine?
Lupine is a cool-season crop, so it goes in during the cool halves of the year — early spring, and again in late summer for a fall planting — rather than at the height of summer heat. Your local frost dates set the exact window — a Growable Ground report reads them for your address.
How much sun does Lupine need?
Lupine needs full sun — a spot that catches at least 6 hours of direct summer sun a day. In more shade it still grows, but usually gives a smaller, later crop. The catch is that a yard rarely gets even light everywhere — a fence, the house, or one tall tree can quietly take those hours. A Growable Ground report reads the real sun-hours across your land, canopy and buildings included, so you can pick the brightest bed before you plant.
What soil does Lupine need?
Lupine prefers soil pH 4.9 to 8.2, on well-drained ground (FAO ECOCROP). Your report scores your parcel's actual soil against that using USDA SSURGO data.
Does Lupine attract pollinators?
Yes — lupine's flowers are a strong nectar and pollen source for native bees and butterflies. (Source: Xerces Society.)
Is Lupine safe for pets?
Lupine is toxic to pets (dogs,cats,horses) with moderate severity. Keep it out of reach, and call ASPCA Animal Poison Control at (888) 426-4435 in an emergency. (Source: ASPCA.)